非金属矿制备低密度石油压裂支撑剂及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 01:10

  本文选题：支撑剂　切入点：非金属矿　出处：《信阳师范学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：石油支撑剂作为一种人造陶粒,一般由铝矾土为主要原料经粉碎、筛分、混料、造粒后,高温焙烧而成。它具有密度小、强度高、流动性好、耐酸碱腐蚀等优点,可有效地提高石油开采率,增加油气井产量。本文以铝矾土、高岭土、凝灰岩及膨润土等非金属矿为主要原料,添加适量添加剂,经高温焙烧,制备非金属矿低密度石油压裂支撑剂,研究焙烧工艺及添加剂对支撑剂性能的影响。主要包括以下几个方面:(1)采用单因素试验方法探讨原料的铝硅比、不同添加剂及用量、焙烧温度和焙烧时间对支撑剂性能的影响,确定最佳原料配比及添加剂用量,优化制备工艺;(2)在单因素试验的基础上,选取影响较为显著的因素进行正交试验,优化试验条件,选择最佳工艺参数,并对焙烧温度、添加剂CaF_2与MgO的用量及三者之间的交互作用进行探讨,运用直观分析、方差分析以及效应与工程平均等分析方法,对试验条件进行考察,试验结果表明,影响支撑剂性能的显著因素为焙烧温度和添加剂CaF_2的用量;(3)在正交试验的基础上,对支撑剂进行树脂包覆,筛选出合适的树脂浓度、树脂与支撑剂的用量比、固化温度以及固化时间,优化制备工艺,制备低密度的树脂覆膜石油压裂支撑剂;(4)对支撑剂的体积密度、视密度、破碎率及圆球度、晶相组成和形貌进行测定及表征。研究结果表明,非金属矿低密度石油压裂支撑剂的最佳制备工艺为:原料配比为铝矾土∶高岭土∶凝灰岩∶膨润土=78∶7∶10∶5,添加剂CaF_2的用量为1.0%,焙烧温度为1250℃,焙烧时间为90 min,制备的支撑剂体积密度为1.548 g·cm~(-3),视密度为2.764 g·cm~(-3),颗粒点强度为46.09 N,52 MPa的闭合压力下破碎率是21.43%。树脂覆膜支撑剂的最佳制备工艺为:树脂与乙醇的质量比为1∶6,树脂溶液与支撑剂的质量比为1∶5,固化温度为160℃,固化时间为30 min,制备的覆膜支撑剂体积密度为1.437 g·cm~(-3),视密度为2.669 g·cm~(-3),颗粒点强度为70.72 N,52MPa的闭合压力下破碎率为15.43%。本文以非金属矿为主要原料,采用高温静态焙烧工艺,制备出低密度的石油压裂支撑剂,为高岭土、凝灰岩、膨润土和珍珠岩等非金属矿的有效利用提供了新途径和新方法。
[Abstract]:As a kind of artificial ceramsite, petroleum proppant is generally made of bauxite as the main raw material after crushing, screening, mixing, granulating, and roasting at high temperature. It has the advantages of low density, high strength, good fluidity, resistance to acid and alkali corrosion, etc. In this paper, bauxite, kaolinite, tuff and bentonite are used as the main raw materials, some additives are added and calcined at high temperature. To prepare low density petroleum fracturing proppant for nonmetallic ore, and to study the effect of roasting technology and additives on the properties of proppant, mainly including the following aspects: 1) using single factor test method to study the ratio of aluminum to silicon, different additives and dosage of raw materials, The effects of calcination temperature and calcination time on the properties of proppant, the optimum ratio of raw materials and the dosage of additives, and the optimized preparation technology were determined. On the basis of single factor test, the orthogonal test was carried out with the more significant factors, and the test conditions were optimized. The optimum process parameters were selected, and the roasting temperature, the amount of additive CaF_2 and MgO and their interaction were discussed. The test conditions were investigated by means of visual analysis, variance analysis and analysis of effect and engineering average. The results showed that the significant factors affecting the properties of proppant were roasting temperature and dosage of additive CaF_2. On the basis of orthogonal experiment, the resin was coated with the proppant, and the proper resin concentration and the ratio of resin to proppant were selected. The bulk density, apparent density, breakage rate and sphericity of low density resin coated oil fracturing proppant were prepared by optimizing the preparation process and curing temperature, curing time, and preparing low density resin coated oil fracturing proppant. The crystal phase composition and morphology were measured and characterized. The optimum preparation technology of low-density petroleum fracturing proppant in nonmetallic ore is: bauxite: kaolin: tuff: bentonite, 78: 7: 10: 5, the dosage of additive CaF_2 is 1.0, the roasting temperature is 1250 鈩，

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