页岩气储层感应测井数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 02:37

本文选题：页岩气储层　切入点：感应测井　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随着石油天然气资源勘探开发的深入,常规油气资源逐渐出现供给问题,而页岩气等非常规油气资源逐渐成为能源勘探的热点。然而,由于页岩既是生烃岩,又是储集层,其储层的地球物理测井评价差异于常规储层。建立专门针对页岩气储层的岩石物理模型,并利用计算机模拟技术来分析相应的地球物理响应特征是突破非常规油气勘探难题的有效途径。本文通过运用感应测井的数值模拟方法,基于实际的页岩气储层资料建构地质地球物理模型,研究了模型的电阻率参数特征及其规律。论文通过对页岩气储层的基本特征进行分析,选取储层的电性参数作为研究变量,阐述其相应的影响因素,并且结合感应测井测量的基本理论,对双感应、阵列感应理论以及相关感应测井仪器进行了阐述,分析了页岩气储层的感应测井应用。针对感应测井的数值模拟计算方法,论文利用基于电磁感应定理的Maxwell方程组在Dirichlet条件下的边值问题的偏微分方程,运用Yee氏网格剖分原理,并结合总场分解为一次背景场和二次散射场的原理来分别计算,推导了函数法求解一次场分布、以及频域有限差分离散计算二次场分布。对离散化的线性方程组使用不完全Cholesky预处理分解双共轭梯度法进行迭代计算。在数值模拟计算方法的理论下,使用MATLAB平台实现了感应测井正演算法的程序代码编写。在均匀地层模型验证了正演算法程序的准确性的基础上,针对不同页岩气储层地质条件下的地质体模型,通过建立径向和纵向模型,研究了感应测井响应受到井眼环境下的泥浆滤液、井径以及侵入带的影响,分析表明视电阻率同泥浆滤液和侵入带电阻率呈现正相关,而同井径与侵入半径呈负相关。论文基于南方碳酸盐岩页岩系和四川盆地地区页岩气储层的实际资料,阐述了储层电阻率模型的建立,针对龙山地区的岩石电性特征建立模型,研究表明感应测井正演能够较好地分辨出低阻的页岩层段,对于中高阻的页岩层因有机质等组成成分的复杂而需要借助周围地层的测井响应来识别。
[Abstract]:With the development of petroleum and natural gas resources, the supply of conventional oil and gas resources has gradually appeared, and unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas have gradually become the hot spot of energy exploration. However, shale is both hydrocarbon generating rock and reservoir. The geophysical log evaluation of the reservoir is different from that of the conventional reservoir. Using computer simulation technology to analyze the geophysical response characteristics is an effective way to break through the difficult problem of unconventional oil and gas exploration. Based on the actual data of shale gas reservoir, the geological geophysical model is constructed, and the characteristics and regularity of resistivity parameters of the model are studied. Through the analysis of the basic characteristics of shale gas reservoir, the electrical parameters of the reservoir are selected as the research variables. Based on the basic theory of induction logging, the dual induction theory, array induction theory and related induction logging tools are expounded. The application of induction logging in shale gas reservoir is analyzed. In view of the numerical simulation calculation method of induction logging, the partial differential equation of the boundary value problem of Maxwell equations based on electromagnetic induction theorem under Dirichlet condition and the principle of Yee mesh generation are used in this paper. Combined with the principle that the total field is decomposed into the primary background field and the secondary scattering field, the function method is derived to solve the distribution of the primary field. And frequency domain finite difference discrete calculation of quadratic field distribution. The discrete linear equations are calculated by using incomplete Cholesky preprocessing decomposition double conjugate gradient method. In the theory of numerical simulation method, The programming code of induction logging forward algorithm is realized by using MATLAB platform. On the basis of verifying the accuracy of forward algorithm program by homogeneous formation model, the geological body model under different shale gas reservoir geological conditions is studied. By establishing radial and longitudinal models, the effects of mud filtrate, well diameter and invasion zone on the response of induction logging are studied. The analysis shows that the apparent resistivity is positively correlated with the mud filtrate and the resistivity of the intrusive zone. Based on the actual data of shale gas reservoirs in the southern carbonate shale system and Sichuan Basin, the establishment of reservoir resistivity model is expounded, and the model is established according to the electrical characteristics of rocks in Longshan area. The research shows that the induction logging forward modeling can distinguish the shale formation with low resistivity, and the middle and high resistivity shale formation needs to be identified by the logging response of the surrounding formation because of the complexity of organic matter and other components.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.81;P618.13

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