管道超声在线测厚设备的研发与应用

发布时间：2018-03-16 02:04

  本文选题：腐蚀　切入点：超声波　出处：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：石油化工行业常因腐蚀问题致使工艺管道均匀减薄或腐蚀穿孔,由于很多管道内介质为高温、高压、易燃易爆的危险品,管道的破损会使物料泄漏发生火灾和爆炸,因此对管道壁厚的监检测尤为重要。本文研发了一套高温管道超声波在线测厚设备,用于实时在线定点监测管壁厚度,本文的研究内容主要包括：(1)了解国内外现有的腐蚀监检测手段,研究了腐蚀探针、腐蚀挂片、pH值探针等的工作原理；(2)深入研究了超声波的物理特性,给出声压、声强、折射率、反射率等的定义和计算公式,研究了利用逆压电效应激励压电晶片产生超声波的机理；(3)研发了一套基于MAXQ7667的硬件部分,其中该硬件包括：超声波发射电路、超声波接收电路、无线发射接口、温度补偿处理电路。(4)为了满足在线测量的目的,设计了一根导波杆和一套固定装置,设计完成后在国内某石化对固定装置的稳定性进行了现场测试,证明其满足设计要求。用ANSYS软件模拟导波杆一端接触320℃管道的温度分布,为减小温度对导波杆的影响,研究了热电偶的原理及其应用,将热电偶测温模块添加到整体设计中,选择MAX6675模块对K型热电偶数据处理和冷端补偿；(5)为实现无线数据传输功能,研究了国内外无线传输的现状,选择基于IEEE 802.15.4标准的Wireless HART协议作为无线传输协议。
[Abstract]:The petrochemical industry often causes even thinning or corrosion perforation of the process pipeline due to corrosion problems. Because the medium in many pipelines is dangerous goods with high temperature, high pressure, flammable and explosive, the damage of pipeline will lead to fire and explosion of material leakage. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the wall thickness of pipeline. In this paper, a set of ultrasonic on-line thickness measuring equipment for high temperature pipeline is developed, which can be used to monitor the thickness of pipe wall at fixed spot in real time. The main contents of this paper include: (1) to understand the existing corrosion monitoring methods at home and abroad, and to study the working principle of corrosion probe, pH probe, etc.) the physical characteristics of ultrasonic wave are studied in depth, and the sound pressure, sound intensity, refractive index are given. Based on the definition and calculation formula of reflectivity, a set of hardware based on MAXQ7667 is developed, which includes ultrasonic transmitting circuit, ultrasonic receiving circuit, ultrasonic receiving circuit, ultrasonic transmitting circuit and ultrasonic receiving circuit, which is based on the principle of using inverse piezoelectric effect to excite piezoelectric wafer to produce ultrasonic wave. In order to meet the purpose of on-line measurement, a guided wave rod and a set of fixing device are designed. After the design is completed, the stability of the fixed device is tested in a petrochemical plant in China. It is proved that it meets the design requirements. In order to reduce the influence of temperature on the guide rod, the principle and application of the thermocouple are studied by using ANSYS software to simulate the temperature distribution of the tube at 320 鈩，

本文编号：1617824