耐温抗盐共聚物的合成及性能评价

发布时间：2018-03-22 23:39

  本文选题：耐温抗盐　切入点：共聚　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着石油工业的进步和石油开采难度的增加,对油田用水溶性聚合物的要求越来越高。目前常用的部分水解聚丙烯酰胺水溶液的粘度会随地层中矿化度和温度的增加而急剧下降,已经难以满足目前三次采油的要求,故耐温抗盐聚合物受到越来越多的关注。本文采用水溶液自由基聚合的方法,以丙烯酰胺(AM)、双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)和N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺(DMAM)为单体,合成了 AM/DAAM二元共聚物,AM/DAAM/AMPS三元共聚物和同时含有大侧基的非离子单体单元、阴离子单体单元和疏水单体单元的AM/DAAM/AMPS/DMAM四元共聚物。通过对产物红外光谱的分析,合成的产物与目标产物一致,分析三种共聚物的热失重曲线,发现三种共聚物的热稳定性从大到小依次为:四元共聚物三元共聚物二元共聚物。利用五因素四水平的正交试验法对三种共聚的实验条件进行了优化,确定了在DAAM占单体的10 wt%,单体总浓度为15 wt%,引发剂用量占反应体系的0.1 wt%,EDTA二钠用量占反应体系的0.08wt%,温度为50℃时,得到的二元共聚物1000mg/L水溶液的表观粘度最高,达到48.6 mPa·s。三元共聚物的最佳合成条件为:AMPS用量占单体的20 wt%,引发剂占反应体系的0.10 wt%,EDTA二钠占反应体系的0.10 wt%,温度为40℃,体系pH值为8,在该条件下产物的表观粘度最高,达到83.4 mPa·s。四元共聚物的最佳合成条件为:DMAM用量占单体的1.5 wt%,引发剂占反应体系的0.12 wt%,EDTA二钠占反应体系的0.08wt%,温度为40℃,体系pH值为8,在该条件下产物的表观粘度为93.1 mPa-s。用稀释法测试得到三种共聚物的特性粘数分别为:1047.6 mL/g,960.8 mL/g,786.3 mL/g;相对分子质量在300～500万之间。二元共聚物的溶解时间在4h,三元和四元共聚物溶解时间均小于2h。对比三种共聚物与HPAM的性能,结果表明:在相同条件下,AM/DAAM、AM/DAAM/AMPS 和 AM/DAAM/AMPS/DMAM 的粘度保留率均大于HPAM。说明自制的三种共聚物的耐温性、抗剪切性和抗盐性均优于HPAM,其中四元共聚物的综合性能最突出。用三种共聚物进行室内岩心模拟驱油实验,结果表明,制备的三种共聚物驱替液(1000 mg/LAM/DAAM二元共聚物、1000 mg/L AM/DAAM/AMPS三元共聚物和1000 mg/L AM/DAAM/AMPS/DMAM四元共聚物)可分别提高采收率6.6%,10.5%和 13.2%。
[Abstract]:With the progress of the petroleum industry and the increasing difficulty of oil exploitation, The viscosity of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide aqueous solution will decrease sharply with the increase of salinity and temperature in the formation, so it is difficult to meet the requirement of tertiary oil recovery. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the thermo-resistant and salt-resistant polymers. In this paper, aqueous solution free radical polymerization was carried out with the monomers of acrylamide (AM), diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and N- (N-dimethylacrylamide) (DMAM). AM/DAAM binary copolymers, AM/DAAM / DAAM / amps terpolymer and AM/DAAM/AMPS/DMAM quaternary copolymers with large side groups, anionic monomer units and hydrophobic monomer units were synthesized. The synthesized products are consistent with the target products. The thermogravimetric curves of the three copolymers are analyzed. It was found that the thermal stability of the three copolymers was in the order of four component terpolymer binary copolymers from large to small. The experimental conditions of the three kinds of copolymers were optimized by means of orthogonal test of five factors and four levels. It was determined that the aqueous solution of binary copolymers 1000mg/L had the highest apparent viscosity at the temperature of 50 鈩，

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