典型常减压装置的腐蚀研究及防护策略制定

发布时间：2018-03-28 10:30

本文选题：常减压装置　切入点：超声波测厚　出处：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：石油石化行业无论是在工业生产还是百姓生活中都充当着至关重要的角色。随着设备装置的大型化趋势,原先的许多小问题逐渐变成影响整个生产线的大问题。由于这些故障,生产线不得不被迫停工对设备进行检修,维修成本,同时停工期间不定期的生产损失会花费大量的人力物力。随着国家与企业对石化装置安全问题的关注与重视程度越来越高,为保证生产的顺利进行,石化装置的腐蚀与防护工作也越来越重要,对于腐蚀机理的研究和科学的防腐策略的需求也越来越迫切。本课题主要通过使用超声波测厚技术,对石化装置中常减压装置进行了腐蚀研究和机理分析,得出了一套针对性的防腐策略。以大庆炼化公司常减压装置为案例,进行了外部腐蚀形貌观察,对设备的不同部位进行了厚度测量,并对沉积在设备金属材料表面的腐蚀产物进行了刮取采样,采用化学分析方法对样品的元素与样品的物理特性进行了分析。通过对分析结果的比对和整理,确认该设备的腐蚀程度及腐蚀成因,并从中提炼出相应的腐蚀机理。在工艺原理的腐蚀防护方面,分别从原料、水质、防腐注剂和腐蚀介质等方面进行了详细研究,并制定出针对性的防腐解决方案。在腐蚀回路方面,分别针对油相、水相腐蚀,高温、中温、低温腐蚀进行了详细研究,并选取腐蚀情况较为严重的具体代表性的腐蚀回路制定了防腐策略。最终将整体防腐策略应用到了实际生产过程中,取得了良好的效果。
[Abstract]:The petroleum and petrochemical industry plays a vital role both in industrial production and in the daily life of the common people. With the trend of large-scale equipment and installations, many of the original minor problems gradually become the major problems affecting the entire production line. As a result of these failures, The production line has to stop working to overhaul the equipment and maintain the cost. At the same time, the production loss during the stoppage will cost a lot of manpower and material resources. As the state and enterprises pay more and more attention to the safety problems of petrochemical plants, In order to ensure the smooth progress of production, the corrosion and protection of petrochemical plant is more and more important, and the research of corrosion mechanism and scientific anticorrosion strategy are more and more urgent. Corrosion research and mechanism analysis of atmospheric and vacuum unit in petrochemical plant were carried out, and a set of targeted anticorrosion strategy was obtained. Taking the atmospheric and vacuum unit of Daqing Refinery and Chemical Company as an example, the external corrosion morphology was observed. The thickness of different parts of the equipment was measured, and the corrosion products deposited on the surface of the equipment metal materials were scraped and sampled. The physical properties of elements and samples were analyzed by chemical analysis. The corrosion degree and cause of corrosion of the equipment were confirmed by comparing and finishing the results of the analysis. In the aspect of corrosion protection of technological principle, the corrosion protection from raw material, water quality, anticorrosive agent and corrosion medium were studied in detail. In the aspect of corrosion circuit, the corrosion of oil phase, water phase, high temperature, middle temperature and low temperature are studied in detail. The anticorrosive strategy is made by selecting the representative corrosion circuit which is more serious and the whole anticorrosion strategy is applied to the actual production process and good results are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE986

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