沈—兴管道泄漏实时监测系统研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 08:00

本文选题：输油管道　切入点：泄漏实时监测　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于输油管线距离长、工况复杂的特点,仅靠人工巡线来监测泄漏是远远不够的,单一的管道泄漏检测方法很难达到精确地预报警及泄漏点的定位,迄今为止对输油管道泄漏进行实时监测的系统已有大量研究及应用,但都存在不足无法达到完美,所以,对于输油管道泄漏实时监测系统的研究仍存在一定改进空间及研究价值。本文简要介绍了我们国家的管道目前的状况以及国内、国外管道的泄漏检测技术发展情况,并对目前常用的输油管道检漏与泄漏点定位的几种方法进行了对比分析,并以负压波理论为基础,研究了与SCADA系统(数据采集与监控系统)相结合的输油管道泄漏实时监测系统,其实际应用到沈—兴输油管道,并取得较好应用效果。SCADA系统主要采用输差检漏法和负压波理论结合的方法进行管道泄漏监测与泄漏点定位,利用负压波方法进行管道泄漏检测,需要确定其传播速度,同时考虑位于管道两端的压力变送器的响应时间差以及克服噪声的影响,本文采用全球定位GPS系统校正管道首末端计算机系统的时间以实现时间上的统一,采用信号处理方法提高管道检漏及泄漏点定位精度,采用离散小波变换的方法用以提取瞬态压力波信号边沿,以完成准确从工业现场的电磁干扰等噪声干扰中将信息的特征点分离出来,小波变换采用滤波器组方法进行计算。研究的该泄漏监测系统以期为管道泄漏实时监测领域提供新的思路和方法,在国内处于较高水平,在输油管道的实时泄漏检测与定位方面具有较高的应用价值。但系统难免存在一定不足之处,应通过对系统的及时改进与更新提高系统的泄漏检测及定位精度,不断完善系统,并加强对系统的维护,进而确保系统能够长期有效的运行。
[Abstract]:Because of the long distance and complex working conditions of oil pipeline, it is far from enough to monitor leakage by manual inspection. It is difficult for a single pipeline leakage detection method to achieve accurate pre-alarm and location of leak point.Up to now, the oil pipeline leak real-time monitoring system has been a lot of research and application, but there are shortcomings can not be perfect, so,There is still room for improvement and research value for the study of oil pipeline leakage real-time monitoring system.This paper briefly introduces the current situation of pipeline in our country and the development of leak detection technology at home and abroad, and makes a comparative analysis of several methods of leak detection and leak location in oil pipeline commonly used at present.Based on the theory of negative pressure wave, the oil pipeline leakage real-time monitoring system combined with SCADA system (data acquisition and monitoring system) is studied. The system is applied to Shen-Xing oil pipeline in practice.The SCADA system mainly adopts the method of pipeline leakage detection and leakage detection combined with the theory of negative pressure wave to detect the leakage of pipeline and locate the leakage point, and uses the method of negative pressure wave to detect the leakage of pipeline, and needs to determine its propagation speed.At the same time, considering the response time difference of the pressure transmitter located at both ends of the pipeline and overcoming the influence of noise, this paper adopts the global positioning GPS system to correct the time of the computer system at the head and end of the pipeline to realize the unification of the time.The method of signal processing is used to improve the accuracy of leak detection and leak location, and the discrete wavelet transform is used to extract the edge of transient pressure wave signal.In order to separate the characteristic points of the information accurately from the noise such as electromagnetic interference in the industrial field, the wavelet transform is calculated by the filter bank method.This leakage monitoring system is designed to provide new ideas and methods for pipeline leakage real-time monitoring, which is at a higher level in China and has a higher application value in oil pipeline real-time leak detection and location.However, there are some shortcomings in the system. It is necessary to improve the leak detection and positioning accuracy of the system through the timely improvement and updating of the system, improve the system and strengthen the maintenance of the system, so as to ensure that the system can run effectively for a long time.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973.6

【共引文献】