港口船舶溢油环境风险评价研究及案例应用

发布时间：2018-04-08 09:03

本文选题：港口　切入点：船舶　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代海洋开发活动的日渐频繁,海洋石油的开发量、运输量不断增长,高收益带来高风险,随之而来的是发生港口船舶溢油事故的风险逐渐升高。港口船舶溢油事故已成为海洋环境污染的主要因素之一,给海洋生态系统造成了巨大影响,对港口沿岸的生态环境以及港口附近的社会经济产生严重危害。因此,开展港口船舶溢油的环境风险评价,将有利于港口溢油事故的风险防范和管理,对港口区域的决策者和管理者有着理论指导和实际意义。本文主要研究内容如下：(1)在国内外港口溢油事故环境风险评价相关领域进展研究基础上,结合我国开展港口溢油事故环境风险评价所存在的问题,建立了以环境影响评价学、环境管理学为理论基础,以类比分析法、数学模型法、概率与数理统计方法和计算机编程技术为研究方法的船舶溢油事故环境风险评价体系,该体系由港口建设过程中完善环境风险评价的必要性、溢油事故风险源项识别、风险源项分析、风险事故后果预测分析和风险的防范措施等内容构成。(2)结合大连新港的环境特点,从大连新港未来的规划建设和运营管理方面着手,运用所构建的溢油事故环境风险评价体系,预测和评价了大连新港船舶溢油事故的环境风险。预测和评价结论表明,随着大连新港海运行业的快速发展,大连新港存在着不可忽视的溢油事故风险。(3)从完善港口管理制度、加强监督管理、提高运输条件、改善从业人员业务素质等方面,提出了风险防范措施,为降低船舶溢油事故给大连新港周边海域的海洋环境、生态环境等带来严重影响提供了科学依据。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly frequent activities of modern marine development, the amount of offshore oil development and transportation is increasing, and high revenue brings high risk, followed by the risk of oil spills from port ships is gradually increasing.The oil spill accident of port ships has become one of the main factors of marine environmental pollution, which has caused great impact on the marine ecosystem, and has caused serious harm to the ecological environment along the port and the social economy near the port.Therefore, carrying out the environmental risk assessment of port ship oil spill will be beneficial to the risk prevention and management of port oil spill accident, and has theoretical guidance and practical significance for the decision makers and managers of port area.The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) on the basis of the research progress in the field of environmental risk assessment of port oil spill accidents at home and abroad, combined with the problems existing in the environmental risk assessment of port oil spill accidents in China, the environmental impact assessment has been established.Based on the theory of environmental management, the environmental risk assessment system of ship oil spill accident based on analogy analysis method, mathematical model method, probability and mathematical statistics method and computer programming technology.The system consists of the necessity of perfecting environmental risk assessment in port construction, the identification of oil spill accident risk sources, and the analysis of risk sources.Combining with the environmental characteristics of Dalian Newport, starting with the planning, construction and operation management of Dalian Newport, the environmental risk assessment system of oil spill accident is used.The environmental risk of oil spill accident in Dalian Newport is forecasted and evaluated.The prediction and evaluation results show that with the rapid development of the shipping industry in Dalian Newport, there is a risk of oil spill accident in Dalian Newport, which can not be ignored, from perfecting the port management system, strengthening the supervision and management, and improving the transportation conditions,In order to reduce the marine environment and ecological environment around Dalian New Port, the risk prevention measures are put forward in order to reduce the marine environment and ecological environment caused by the oil spill accident.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE88

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