低渗透油气藏开采用液体炸药的研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 08:27

本文选题：硝基甲烷　切入点：液体炸药　出处：《南京理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：层内爆炸技术是低渗透油气藏开采的关键技术。本文根据层内爆炸压裂的特点,总结出爆炸用液体炸药的理化性能、安全性能和爆轰性能的需求；同时系统研究了高氯酸脲系列和硝基甲烷系列两类液体炸药,得出如下结论：(1)高氯酸脲系列液体炸药无毒无味、使用安全性高、传爆性能好,但与金属的相容性差,不适于层内爆炸开采技术的使用；(2)硝基甲烷系列液体炸药起爆简单可靠、传爆直径小、爆速适中,有望用于层内爆炸开采技术中；(3)系统测定了三种配方硝基甲烷系列液体炸药(硝基甲烷/乙二胺/醋酸纤维素/铝粉=78/5/5/12,76/5/5/14,75/5/4/16)的理化性能、安全性能和爆轰性能：密度1.06～1.11g/mL, pH值8.0,粘度1283～3760 mPa.s,挥发率2%；机械感度、火焰感度和枪击感度均为0；爆速3512～4608 m/s,爆热5698～5783 kJ/mmol,爆容619～662 L/kg,临界直径2.4～3.0 mm,猛度23.07～23.16 mm,作功能力310～362 mL。由上述结果可知,三种配方液体炸药基本满足层内爆炸技术用液体炸药的性能要求。此外,还对三种配方硝基甲烷系列液体炸药进行了爆炸效果模拟预测,结果表明：预期产生的破碎颗粒边长介于0.180～0.538 mm,与水力压裂使用的支撑剂粒径相当,可有效支撑裂缝；裂缝径向可延伸3.06～3.57 m,形成柱状网络裂缝改造区,有效提高储层渗透率。
[Abstract]:Intra-layer explosion is a key technique for low permeability reservoir production.According to the characteristics of in-layer explosive fracturing, the requirements of physical and chemical properties, safety properties and detonation properties of explosive liquid explosives are summarized, and two kinds of liquid explosives, urea perchlorate series and nitromethane series, are systematically studied.The conclusions are as follows: (1) the liquid explosive of urea perchlorate series is non-toxic and tasteless, has high safety in use, good detonation performance, but has poor compatibility with metals, and is not suitable for the use of in-layer explosive mining technology.) the initiation of nitromethane series liquid explosive is simple and reliable.From the above results, it can be seen that the three formulations of liquid explosive basically meet the performance requirements of the liquid explosive used in the layer explosion technology.In addition, the explosion effects of three kinds of nitromethane series liquid explosives were simulated and predicted. The results show that the expected side length of broken particles is between 0.180 mm and 0.538 mm, which is equivalent to the particle size of the proppant used in hydraulic fracturing, and can effectively support the fracture.The radial fracture can extend 3.06 ~ 3.57 m, forming a columnar network fracture reconstruction area, which can effectively improve the reservoir permeability.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ560.7;TE348;TE37

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