临汾区块煤层气地质条件分析及开发对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 08:46

本文选题：临汾区块　切入点：煤层气　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤层气作为一种非常规天然气在油气开发中正扮演越来越重要的角色。临汾区块煤层厚度大,分布稳定,含气性好,煤层气资源非常丰富,但是临汾区块的主力煤层气资源所赋存的煤层埋深均在800m以深,属于深部煤层气。深部煤层气的地质条件与勘探开发工艺相比浅层煤层气资源开发难度更高。由于埋藏较深,虽然经过多年勘探,临汾区块煤层气开发仍然面临着煤层地质认识与勘探开发效果符合率低、气井排采规律与浅部煤层气排采规律差异大、单井产量低等问题。本文针对临汾区块深部煤层气资源开发,采用“地质、工程、排采一体化”的非常规油气研究思路,从地质条件分析入手,全面认识煤层地质特征和煤层气富集受控因素,以煤层气地质特征为基础进行钻井、压裂、排采工艺优化研究,提出深部煤层气开发对策。通过对前期资源的收集并结合区域地质概况,利用最新的钻探成果,进一步明确煤层厚度、埋深与顶板岩性。通过岩芯实验,包括压汞实验、全岩X衍射、薄片鉴定、干酪根镜鉴等技术手段测定煤层的煤岩、煤质特征以及岩石物理特性,分析煤层气含气量分布规律、煤层孔隙度与渗透率、等温吸附特征,完善煤层气成藏地质条件认识。通过对区块已经投产的所有井进行产气效果分析,并结合煤层及顶底板岩性,对排采水和产出气进行分区综合采样,研究了区块断裂带、煤岩煤质与顶底板岩性、水文地质等影响煤层气富集的地质因素,明确了区块煤层气藏特征。在煤层气地质因素分析的基础上再结合产气效果,进一步对钻井、压裂、排采工艺进行针对性优化研究,明确了开发井网部署原则,从井型、井身质量、固井质量、储层保护等方面对钻井工艺提出优化;从煤岩特征、煤层含气饱和度、顶板含水性与顶底板岩石力学参数差异、煤层敏感性等地质条件入手对压裂工艺进行优化;最后总结了区块深部煤层气排采设备适应各种井况的不同选型,提出了“定量化排采”在管柱设计、临界解吸控制、井网联合排采、后期检泵修井方面的实际应用,并针对区块严重影响生产的排采水量异常情况进行了地质分析和工程预防。
[Abstract]:As a kind of unconventional natural gas, coalbed methane is playing a more and more important role in oil and gas development.The coal seam in Linfen block is of large thickness, stable distribution, good gas content and abundant coal bed methane resources. However, the coal bed buried depth of the main coalbed methane resources in Linfen block is 800 m deep, which belongs to deep coalbed methane.The geological conditions of deep coalbed methane are more difficult to exploit than shallow coal bed methane resources.Because of deep burial, although after many years of exploration, the development of coalbed methane in Linfen block is still faced with problems such as low geological understanding of coal seam and low coincidence rate of exploration and development effect, big difference between the law of gas well drainage and shallow coal bed methane production, and low production rate of single well.In view of the exploitation of deep coalbed methane resources in Linfen block, this paper adopts the unconventional oil and gas research idea of "geology, engineering, drainage and production integration", starting with the analysis of geological conditions, fully understand the geological characteristics of coal seam and the controlled factors of coalbed methane enrichment.Based on the geological characteristics of coalbed methane, the optimization of drilling, fracturing and drainage techniques is studied, and the development countermeasures of deep coalbed methane are put forward.Through the collection of early resources and the combination of regional geological survey and the latest drilling results, the thickness of coal seam, the depth of burying and the lithology of roof are further determined.By means of core experiment, including mercury injection experiment, whole rock X-ray diffraction, thin section identification, kerogen mirror and so on, the coal rock, coal quality characteristics and rock physical characteristics of coal seam are determined, and the distribution law of gas content of coal bed methane is analyzed.Porosity and permeability of coal seam, isothermal adsorption characteristics and understanding of geological conditions of coalbed methane reservoir formation.By analyzing the gas production effect of all the wells that have been put into production in the block, and combining with the coal seam and the roof and bottom slate, the block fault zone, the coal and rock coal quality and the roof and bottom slate are studied.Hydrogeology and other geological factors affecting coalbed methane accumulation, the characteristics of coalbed methane reservoir in block are defined.On the basis of the analysis of geological factors of coalbed methane, combined with the gas production effect, further optimization of drilling, fracturing and production removal technology is carried out, and the principles of development well pattern deployment are defined, including well type, wellbore quality, cementing quality.The drilling technology is optimized from the aspects of reservoir protection, such as coal and rock characteristics, gas saturation of coal seam, difference of rock mechanics parameters between roof water content and roof and floor rock, coal seam sensitivity and other geological conditions.Finally, the selection of deep coalbed methane production equipment for various well conditions is summarized, and the practical application of "quantitative drainage" in pipe string design, critical desorption control, well pattern combined drainage, late inspection and pump workover is put forward.Geological analysis and engineering prevention are carried out to deal with the abnormal situation of drainage water quantity seriously affecting production in the block.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE37;P618.13

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