加氢空冷管束弯曲变形风险评估及防控技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 09:16

本文选题：加氢空冷器　切入点：管束变形　出处：《浙江理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着石油资源的逐步枯竭，高硫、高酸、含氯等劣质原油的加工比例不断增加，我国石化企业的重要生产设备空冷器频繁出现了管束变形泄漏事故，严重威胁企业的安全生产和经济效益。针对空冷器频繁出现的管束变形现象，如何分析确定其失效规律和腐蚀危害源，进行有效的腐蚀防控，是确保空冷器安全稳定运行的关键。本文以YZ芳烃厂加氢高压空冷器出现的管束变形为研究对象，选择典型运行工况，运用ASPEN进行过程工艺建模和物性仿真，根据管束失效现状，结合垢物种类与来源研究，分析明确管束变形的腐蚀危害源，，并基于Eulerian-Lagrange方法建立腐蚀产物在空冷器内的流动沉积计算模型，对管束的堵塞形成过程进行数值模拟，揭示管束的堵塞变形过程；通过力学计算，对空冷器管束变形运行开展管束与管板连接强度、管束抗弯、抗拉强度等机械强度风险评估，并定量预测引起管束变形的临界堵塞管数；同时通过实验研究，对管束堵塞后发生的铵盐垢下腐蚀进行风险评估；在管束变形原因及运行风险评估的基础上，开展防控技术研究，设计开发基于空冷器管束防腐减堵的REAC实时诊断监管系统，采用面向对象的编程思想，运用C#、Visual Basic汇编语言及MySQL数据库作为开发工具，研制开发包括远程数据实时采集、ASPEN软件接口技术、腐蚀失效控制体系建模、腐蚀失效类型诊断监管在内的防控软件，防止管束变形及腐蚀失效的发生。研究成果已在YZ芳烃厂进行工程示范应用，科学指导空冷器系统的优化运行。本文的创新之处在于：1）基于力学计算和腐蚀模拟实验，实现对空冷管束变形运行风险的定量评估；2）提出防管束变形及腐蚀风险的完整性失效防控体系；3）针对空冷器管束变形原因及运行风险，提出基于REAC实时诊断监管系统开发的防控技术，实行信息化防控；随着计算机技术的普及和发展，研究成果有望推广应用于石化装置，应用前景广阔。本文的研究成果可为石化管束类设备的管束变形，变形运行风险及安全防控技术研究提供理论依据，具有一定的学术和工程应用价值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the gradual depletion of petroleum resources and the increasing proportion of crude oil with high sulfur, high acid, chlorine and other inferior crude oil processing, the air cooler, an important production equipment of petrochemical enterprises in China, frequently occurs tube bundle deformation and leakage accidents.It is a serious threat to the safety of production and economic benefits of enterprises.In view of the frequent deformation phenomenon of tube bundle in air cooler, it is the key to ensure the safe and stable operation of air cooler how to analyze and determine its failure law and corrosion hazard source, and how to carry out effective corrosion prevention and control.In this paper, the deformation of tube bundle in high pressure air cooler of hydrotreating in YZ aromatics plant is taken as the research object, the typical operation condition is selected, the process process modeling and physical property simulation are carried out by using ASPEN, and according to the failure situation of pipe bundle, the type and source of dirt are studied.The corrosion hazard source of tube bundle deformation is analyzed and the calculation model of corrosion product flow and deposition in air cooler is established based on Eulerian-Lagrange method. The formation process of tube bundle blockage is numerically simulated and the blockage deformation process of tube bundle is revealed.Through mechanical calculation, the mechanical strength risk assessment of tube bundle and tube-plate connection strength, tube bundle bending strength and tensile strength are carried out for the deformation operation of air cooler tube bundle, and the critical number of blocked tubes that cause tube bundle deformation is predicted quantitatively. At the same time, the experimental study is carried out.On the basis of the risk assessment of the corrosion under the scale of ammonium salt after the tube bundle clogging, the research on the prevention and control technology is carried out on the basis of the reason of the tube bundle deformation and the risk assessment of the operation, and the REAC real-time diagnosis and supervision system based on the air cooler tube bundle anticorrosion and blockage reduction is designed and developed.By using the object-oriented programming idea, the Visual Basic assembly language and the MySQL database are used as the development tools, the software interface technology including remote real-time data acquisition and Aspen, and the modeling of the corrosion failure control system are developed.Prevention and control software including corrosion failure type diagnosis and supervision to prevent tube bundle deformation and corrosion failure.The research results have been demonstrated and applied in YZ aromatics plant to guide the optimal operation of air cooler system scientifically.The innovation of this paper is that it is based on mechanical calculation and corrosion simulation experiments.To realize the quantitative evaluation of the operational risk of deformation of air-cooled pipe bundles (No. 2), the integrality failure prevention and control system for preventing tube bundles deformation and corrosion risk is put forward, which is aimed at the causes and operational risks of tube bundles deformation in air coolers.With the popularization and development of computer technology, the research results are expected to be popularized and applied in petrochemical plants with broad application prospects.The research results in this paper can provide the theoretical basis for the research of tube bundle deformation, deformation operation risk and safety prevention and control technology of petrochemical pipe bundle equipment, and have certain academic and engineering application value.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE96

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