低渗透油层表面活性剂胶束溶液驱乳化效果研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 05:24

本文选题：低渗透 + 表面活性剂　；参考：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着近几年低渗透油藏的不断探明与发现,低渗透储量所占比例已经超过了60%。目前低渗透油藏的开发仍处于二次采油阶段,由于碱在低渗透油田的结垢现象严重以及聚合物分子注入困难,传统的三次采油技术在低渗透油田并不适应,大量的剩余油残留于地下,迫切需要探索适用于低渗透油藏的三次采油方法来解决这一问题。胶束溶液驱油技术是提高采收率的有效方法之一,与表面活性剂驱相比,胶束溶液驱能够与地层中的烃类物质在地层剪切条件下自发乳化形成微乳液,提高驱油效率,并且胶束溶液驱能够改变驱替液的流度,具有一定的流度控制作用,有很大的研究价值。为此,本文从胶束溶液驱油体系配方入手,分别测量了不同表面活性剂溶液的临界胶束浓度、油水界面张力以及乳化率等参数,对阴离子型(十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠)、非离子型(烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、Tween80)以及两性离子型(羧基甜菜碱、磺基甜菜碱)表面活性剂进行综合筛选,又加入不同助表面活性剂测量胶束溶液体系与原油间的油水界面张力和乳化率,筛选不同碳链长度的醇类助表面活性剂,得到最佳胶束溶液驱油体系配方:4wt%磺基甜菜碱+2wt%异丁醇。然后应用该配方进行低渗透岩心驱油实验,采用控制单一变量的方法,分别从岩石物性、岩心流体以及驱替条件三个方面分析了胶束溶液驱油乳化效果的影响因素。最后,进行微观和宏观驱油实验,从微观上,该胶束溶液体系能够有效驱替膜状、滴状、柱状以及盲端残余油,驱替效果明显好于相同界面张力的表面活性剂驱;从宏观上,当渗透率变异系数为0.67时,胶束溶液驱在表面活性剂驱提高采收率5%左右的基础上,再提高约2.5个百分点,这一研究成果对低渗透油藏三次采油技术的发展有重要意义。
[Abstract]:With the continuous exploration and discovery of low permeability reservoirs in recent years, the proportion of low permeability reserves has exceeded 60.At present, the development of low permeability reservoir is still in the secondary oil recovery stage. Because of the serious scaling phenomenon of alkali in low permeability oil field and the difficulty of polymer molecule injection, the traditional tertiary oil recovery technology is not suitable in low permeability oil field.A large amount of residual oil remains underground, and it is urgent to explore the method of tertiary oil recovery suitable for low permeability reservoirs to solve this problem.Micellar solution flooding is one of the effective methods to improve oil recovery. Compared with surfactant flooding, micellar solution flooding can spontaneously emulsify hydrocarbon in formation to form microemulsion and improve oil displacement efficiency.And micellar solution flooding can change the mobility of displacement liquid, which has a certain mobility control effect, and has great research value.Therefore, starting with the formulation of micellar solution flooding system, the critical micelle concentration, oil-water interfacial tension and emulsification rate of different surfactant solutions were measured respectively.Sodium dodecyl sulfonate, non-ionic (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether Tween80) and amphoteric ionic surfactants (carboxybetaine, sulfobetaine) were screened.Different surfactants were added to measure the oil-water interfacial tension and emulsification rate between the micellar solution system and crude oil, and the alcohols with different carbon chain lengths were selected.The optimum micellar solution flooding system was obtained, which consisted of: 4 wt% sulfobetaine 2 wt% isobutanol.Then the formula is applied to the low permeability core flooding experiment. By using the method of controlling a single variable, the influencing factors of the emulsification effect of micelle solution flooding are analyzed from three aspects: rock physical property, core fluid and displacement conditions.Finally, the microcosmic and macroscopic oil displacement experiments were carried out. From the microscopic point of view, the micelle solution system could effectively displace the residual oil in film, drop, column and blind end, and the displacement effect was obviously better than that of surfactant flooding with the same interfacial tension.When the coefficient of variation of permeability is 0.67, the micellar solution flooding can increase the recovery by about 2.5 percentage points on the basis of surfactant flooding, which is of great significance to the development of tertiary oil recovery technology in low permeability reservoirs.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE348

【相似文献】