亚诺斯盆地新生界卡沃内拉组层序地层与沉积相研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 18:12

本文选题：亚诺斯盆地 + 卡沃内拉组　；参考：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本次研究研究区为哥伦比亚亚诺斯盆地,位于南美板块北部。研究目的层为新生界卡沃内拉组(Carbonera)。在亚诺斯盆地的沉积构造背景基础上,以钻井和地震资料为基础,以构造学、沉积学、层序地层学和地震地层学为指导,研究目的层的岩石类型、沉积环境、层序地层等。利用测井和地震资料来识别层序界面,确定层序格架,在此基础上研究目的层的沉积相展布、沉积环境及层序发育的控制因素。总结归纳前人资料和成果,结合现有资料,研究认为亚诺斯盆地的形成演化大体经历了五个阶段:寒武纪-二叠纪被动大陆边缘阶段、三叠纪-白垩纪(中科迪勒拉)弧后裂谷演化阶段、古新世-早始新世早前陆盆地阶段、中始新世-早中新世前安第斯期前陆盆地阶段、中中新世-现今安第斯期前陆盆地阶段。在区域背景的基础上,通过岩芯观察,识别岩性组合、沉积构造、生物组合等相标志,并结合地震相研究。在亚诺斯盆地卡沃内拉组(Carbonera)中可识别出三角洲、陆棚2类沉积相,其中三角洲发育三角洲前缘及前三角洲2个亚相,陆棚则发育内陆棚1个沉积亚相。三角洲前缘主要发育在C1、C3、C5及C7组,可进一步识别出水下分流河道和水下分流河道间2个微相;前三角洲主要发育在C2、C4、C6及C8组,可进一步识别出砂质沉积为主的席状砂和以泥质沉积为主的前三角洲泥2个微相;陆棚主要发育在C2、C4、C6及C8,可识别出陆棚泥和席状砂2个微相。基于构造背景和基础地质资料,结合研究区岩电性等沉积方面的资料综合分析,可以在卡沃内拉组(Carbonera)中可识别出4个三级层序(SQ1~SQ4);三级层序内部的最大海泛面将每个三级层序划分出海侵体系域(TST)和高水位体系域(HST),研究区缺失低水位体系域(LST)。通过对亚诺斯盆地钻井及连井地震剖面上卡沃内拉(Carbonera)组8个体系域沉积相和地震相对比,确立了研究区主要沉积相类型的地震相特征。共划分出3个沉积相单元,对应划分出的地震相单元8个。在井震结合基础上建立了三级层序及其体系域格架,并编制了8幅沉积相平面图。分析沉积模式,编制出盆地的沉积模式图。研究层序发育控制因素,得出构造运动和海平面升降是三级层序及其内部体系域形成的主要控制因素。
[Abstract]:The study area is the Yanos Basin in Colombia, located in the northern part of the South American Plate.The aim of the study is the Carbonella formation of the Cenozoic Kavonella formation.On the basis of sedimentary tectonic background of Yanos basin, based on drilling and seismic data, and guided by tectonics, sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy and seismostratigraphy, the rock types, sedimentary environments and sequence stratigraphy of the target layers are studied.The sequence interface is identified by logging and seismic data, and the sequence framework is determined. On this basis, the distribution of sedimentary facies, sedimentary environment and controlling factors of sequence development of the target layer are studied.Summing up and summarizing the previous data and achievements, combining with the existing data, it is considered that the formation and evolution of the Yanos basin has generally undergone five stages: the Cambrian-Permian passive continental margin stage.Triassic to Cretaceous (Middle Cretaceous) back-arc rift evolution stage, Paleocene to early Eocene early continental basin stage, Miocene to early Miocene to early Miocene preAndean Foreland basin stage,Miocene-present Andes Foreland basin stage.Based on the regional background, the lithologic assemblage, sedimentary structure and biological assemblage are identified by core observation, and the seismic facies are studied.Two types of sedimentary facies, delta and shelf, can be identified in Carbonella formation of Yanos basin. Two subfacies of delta front and prodelta are developed in delta, and one sedimentary subfacies in continental shelf is developed in continental shelf.The delta front developed mainly in the C1C3C5 and C7 groups, which could further identify the two microfacies between the underwater distributary channel and the underwater distributary channel, and the predelta mainly developed in the C2C4C4C6 and C8 groups.Two microfacies of sheet sand and pre-delta mud, which are mainly composed of sandy sediments, and two microfacies, mainly developed in C _ 2N _ 4C _ 6 and C _ 8, can be identified.Based on the tectonic background and basic geological data, combined with the comprehensive analysis of sedimentary data such as rock electricity in the study area,Four third-order sequences SQ1 / SQ4 can be identified in Carbonella formation, and each tertiary sequence can be divided into transgressive system tracts (TSTs) and high water level system tracts (HSTs) by the maximum sea panorama within the third-order sequences, and the lack of low water level system tracts (LSTs) in the study area.The seismic facies characteristics of the main sedimentary facies types in the study area are established by comparing the sedimentary facies of 8 system tracts and seismic facies of the Carbonera formation on the seismic profile of the Yanos basin and the Lianjing seismic section.Three sedimentary facies units were divided into 8 seismic facies units.Based on the combination of well and earthquake, the third order sequence and its system tract framework are established, and 8 sedimentary facies plans are compiled.The sedimentary model of the basin is analyzed and the sedimentary model map of the basin is worked out.By studying the controlling factors of sequence development, it is concluded that tectonic movement and sea level rise and fall are the main controlling factors for the formation of tertiary sequence and its internal system tracts.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13;P539.2

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