高寒地区增压集气站风险分析及控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 22:12

本文选题：苏里格气田 + 天然气水合物　；参考：《中国石油大学(华东)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：通过对现有因为高寒因素导致的安全风险而采取的天然气水合物防治工艺进行分析,确定在所采取的防治工艺中涉及到的设备、作业。进而对涉及到的设备、作业采取适用的安全分析方法进行逐一分析,并根据风险控制措施制定原则制定相应的措施,确保高寒地区增压集气站因为天然气水合物带来的风险得到控制,危害能够降低到可接受水平。目前取得以下成果:1、基于天然气水合物的形成机理,对高寒地区天然气生产过程中,因为冬季气温低而导致危害的原因做了具体分析,并明确了从压力、温度、游离水三个方面采取措施进行天然气水合物的防治工作。2、利用事故树分析法对苏里格气田现有天然气水合物防治工艺进行分析,明确了采取现有防治工艺的原因,以及不采取现有工艺可能导致的后果。3、对现有天然气水合物防治工艺中所涉及到的设备、作业、操作以及其作用原理进行了系统而全面的阐述,对员工进行水合物解防堵知识培训时提供培训内容。4、通过LEC法对井口天然气加热炉和井下节流器从安全角度做了对比,为淘汰加热炉这种井口天然气降压增温工艺,从而全面推广使用井下节流器提供了理论支持。5、通过全面而系统的安全分析,为安全管理人员对天然气水合物防治工艺中所涉及到的各项作业,哪些作业必须列为危险作业范畴,执行作业许可审批制度提供了理论参考。6、通过事故树、工作安全分析、蝴蝶领等多种方法对天然气水合物防治工艺的各个环节做了安全分析,对于分析出来的危害因素制定了相应的控制措施。
[Abstract]:Through the analysis of the existing natural gas hydrate prevention technology due to the safety risk caused by alpine factors, the equipment and operation involved in the adopted prevention technology are determined. Then, the relevant equipment and operation are analyzed one by one with applicable safety analysis methods, and the corresponding measures are formulated according to the principles of risk control measures. Ensure that the risk caused by natural gas hydrate is controlled and the harm can be reduced to an acceptable level. At present, the following results have been obtained: 1. Based on the formation mechanism of natural gas hydrates, this paper makes a specific analysis of the causes of harm caused by low temperature in winter during natural gas production in high and cold regions, and clarifies the causes from pressure and temperature. Taking measures to prevent and cure natural gas hydrate in three aspects of free water. Using accident tree analysis method to analyze the existing prevention technology of natural gas hydrate in Sulige gas field, and make clear the reason of adopting the existing prevention technology. And the possible consequences of not adopting the existing process. 3. The equipment, operation, operation and the principle of action involved in the existing gas hydrate prevention process are systematically and comprehensively described. In order to eliminate the pressure and temperature process of natural gas in wellhead, the training content .4 is provided to the employees when they are trained in hydrate removal and plugging prevention knowledge. Through the LEC method, a comparison is made between the wellhead natural gas heating furnace and the downhole throttler from the safety point of view. Therefore, the use of downhole throttle can be popularized with theoretical support. 5. Through comprehensive and systematic safety analysis, it can be used for all kinds of operations involved in the process of gas hydrate prevention and control by safety managers. Which operations must be classified as dangerous operations, and the implementation of the work permit examination and approval system provides a theoretical reference .6Through the accident tree, work safety analysis, butterfly collar and other methods, the safety analysis of each link of gas hydrate prevention technology has been done. The corresponding control measures are made for the analysis of the hazard factors.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE88

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