电磁感应短传技术及其在随钻测控中的应用

发布时间：2018-05-01 02:17

本文选题：石油钻井 + 随钻测控　；参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着石油钻井技术向信息化、智能化方向的发展,随钻测控在钻井作业中承担着越来越重要的作用。电磁感应数据短传技术是实现对井下工具随钻测控的有效方式之一,但井下剧烈震动、高温高压、泥浆介质和金属钻杆电磁干扰等问题都给电磁感应数据短传技术带来了巨大的挑战,所以选择哪种数据传输方式、分析井下复杂环境对电磁感应数据短传通信性能影响的机理、采用何种方式来削弱这种影响成为本文研究的重点。针对随钻测控中井下工具与地面平台有效数据传输的需求,在研究现有随钻测控数据传输方式优缺点基础上提出基于RFID技术和电磁感应数据短传技术相结合的随钻测控数据传输系统,并重点研究了电磁感应数据短传系统。建立磁感应耦合信道等效电路模型和物理模型,分析金属钻杆和泥浆介质对磁感应信道通信性能的影响机理;提出带铁氧体磁环的耦合结构方案来降低复杂环境对磁感应信道通信性能的影响,分析耦合结构中铁氧体磁环各结构参数对磁感应耦合系统耦合性能的影响,进而优化设计铁氧体环的各结构参数。采用二进制频移键控法调制解调,设计基于直接数字合成(DDS)芯片AD9834的调制电路和基于锁相环芯片SE564的解调电路,编写调制解调芯片控制程序;采用放大器芯片OPA2674设计放大电路,采用单刀双掷模拟开关芯片TS5A12301E设计信号传输方向选择电路,实现数据传输率达到12kbps的半双工通信。搭建电磁感应数据短传系统实验平台,测试金属钻杆、泥浆环境、耦合器结构参数对耦合性能的影响,将测试结果与有限元分析结果进行对比,发现测试结果和仿真结果较为吻合,验证了感应耦合器优化设计的合理性。完成基于RFID技术和电磁感应数据短传技术相结合的随钻测控系统的集成装配,该系统成功参展第十五届中国国际石油石化技术装备展览会(CIPPE)。
[Abstract]:With the development of oil drilling technology towards information and intelligence, the measurement and control while drilling is playing a more and more important role in drilling operation. The technology of short transmission of electromagnetic induction data is one of the effective ways to measure and control downhole tools while drilling. The problems of electromagnetic interference of mud medium and metal drill pipe bring great challenge to the short-transmission technology of electromagnetic induction data, so the mechanism of which data transmission mode is chosen to analyze the influence of complex underground environment on the short-transmission communication performance of electromagnetic induction data is analyzed. How to weaken this kind of influence becomes the focal point of this paper. Aiming at the demand of effective data transmission between downhole tools and ground platform in measurement and control while drilling, Based on the research on the advantages and disadvantages of the existing data transmission methods while drilling measurement and control, a data transmission system based on the combination of RFID technology and electromagnetic induction data short transmission technology is proposed, and the electromagnetic induction data short transmission system is studied emphatically. The equivalent circuit model and physical model of magnetic induction coupling channel are established to analyze the influence mechanism of metal drill pipe and mud medium on the communication performance of magnetic induction channel. A coupling structure with ferrite ring is proposed to reduce the influence of complex environment on the communication performance of magnetic induction channel. The influence of the structure parameters of ferrite magnetic ring on the coupling performance of magnetic induction coupling system is analyzed. Then the structural parameters of ferrite ring are optimized. The modulation circuit based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) chip AD9834 and the demodulation circuit based on phase-locked loop chip (SE564) are designed by using binary frequency shift keying method, and the control program of modulation and demodulation chip is compiled, and the amplifier chip OPA2674 is used to design the amplifier circuit. A single pole double throw analog switch chip TS5A12301E is used to design the signal transmission direction selection circuit. The half-duplex communication with data transmission rate up to 12kbps is realized. The experiment platform of short transmission system of electromagnetic induction data is built to test the influence of metal drill pipe, mud environment and coupler structure parameters on the coupling performance. The test results are compared with the results of finite element analysis. It is found that the test results are in good agreement with the simulation results, which verifies the rationality of the optimal design of the inductive coupler. The integrated assembly of measurement and control system while drilling is completed based on RFID technology and short transmission technology of electromagnetic induction data. The system successfully participated in the 15th China International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology and equipment Exhibition.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE928

【相似文献】