自升式钻井平台火灾爆炸及船舶碰撞安全评估

发布时间：2018-05-08 05:39

本文选题：自升式钻井平台 + 危险源辨识　；参考：《青岛科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：海上钻井平台是海洋油气开发的基础设施,随着平台的高科技化和大型化,平台的安全问题受到越来越多的关注,：如果平台一旦发生危险,由于平台本身及环境等因素限制,救援将会非常困难,对人员、经济和环境容易造成巨大危害,对海上钻井平台的安全评估变得意义重大。结合自升式钻井平台平面简图,对井口附近危险区域内的设备、伴有油气作业的设备、平台上明火作业单元及储存易燃易爆气体液体的单元进行火灾爆炸危险源辨识,辨识容易发生危险的设备及事故原因。利用道化学评价法危险单元选取标准,结合危险源辨识结果,确定了平台上6个危险单元,通过指数及补偿系数计算,得到6个危险单元的危险指数及风险等级；并从设备管理、人员、平台安全检查以及防护措施等几方面提出降低事故风险措施。进行平台船舶碰撞模拟研究,从碰撞原因、碰撞环境以及碰撞力学机理上对碰撞进行研究,确定模拟中的初始参数及分析思路。利用solidworks建立自升式钻井平台与船舶模型,运用有限元软件Ansys Workbench显示动力学模块,对平台与船舶碰撞进行模拟研究；通过对船舶初始状态的设置,使其以不同速度、不同角度与平台桩腿发生碰撞以及在平台不同作业水深时与桩腿碰撞,对平台进行碰撞响应分析,分析平台危险部位；计算平台遭遇到供给船和守护船撞击的频率,提出降低风险措施。
[Abstract]:Offshore drilling platform is the infrastructure of offshore oil and gas development. With the development of high technology and large-scale platform, more and more attention has been paid to the safety of the platform. Rescue will be very difficult, easy to cause human, economic and environmental hazards, and the safety assessment of offshore drilling platform becomes significant. Combined with the plane diagram of the jack-up drilling platform, the fire and explosion hazard sources are identified for the equipment in the dangerous area near the well head, the equipment with oil and gas operation, the open fire operation unit on the platform and the unit storing flammable and explosive gas and liquid. Identify dangerous equipment and accident causes. By using the selection criteria of hazard unit and the result of hazard source identification, six hazard units on the platform are determined. The risk index and risk grade of the six risk units are obtained by the calculation of index and compensation coefficient. And from the equipment management, personnel, platform safety inspection and protective measures and other aspects of measures to reduce the risk of accidents. In this paper, the platform ship collision simulation is carried out, the collision cause, collision environment and collision mechanics mechanism are studied, and the initial parameters and analysis ideas in the simulation are determined. Using solidworks to establish the model of jack-up drilling platform and ship, and using the finite element software Ansys Workbench to display dynamics module, to simulate the collision between platform and ship, and to make the ship at different speeds by setting the initial state of the ship. Different angles collide with the leg of the platform and when the water depth of the platform is different, the collision response of the platform is analyzed, the dangerous part of the platform is analyzed, and the frequency of the collision of the platform against the supply ship and the guardian ship is calculated. Risk reduction measures are proposed.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE58

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