动改进剂在抽油机井免清蜡及地面集输过程中的应用

发布时间：2018-05-13 08:30

  本文选题：原油流动改进剂 + 免清蜡　； 参考：《东北石油大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：大庆油田部分区块采出的原油属于高含蜡原油,抽油机井会出现结蜡现象,需要定期对抽油机井进行清蜡,同时由于气候环境,还需使用掺热水伴热的传输方式,这样会导致生产能耗的增加。为此,本文开展加入流动改进剂的方法实现抽油机井免清蜡以及地面集输研究,从而油藏的有效开采提供理论与技术指导。本文选取DODE-3型油溶性原油流动改进剂进行免清蜡以及地面集输实验研究,通过室内评价实验,优选出合理的加药浓度及加药方式。根据所确定的加药方式以及所需浓度,设计了加药工艺,通过计算,确定了每次加药所需药剂量。同时开展了药剂浓度监测及排除定压放气对药剂损耗的影响实验,完善了流动改进剂的加药工艺。展开抽油机井免清蜡研究,分析加入流动改进剂泵内流动阻力、沿程阻力以及流体粘度变化的影响。实验表明,流动改进剂以及含水率的增加,可以实现流动阻力以及流体粘度的降低,实现防蜡效果。同时选取8座转油站、843口油井,含水由33%到98%分布,平均单井日加流动改进剂1.4kg/d,平均加药浓度185mg/L进行免清蜡实验,其效果仅2015年当年累计减少热洗车洗井552井次、热洗泵洗井1417.2井次。因少热洗而少影响的油量为1.35×104t。展开流动改进剂在地面集输试验研究,通过流动改进剂与破乳剂的协同实验以及观察单井回油、计量间、中转站的温度变化,发现单井回油、计量间、中转站的温度变化很小,脱水量大大增加,便于集输。建立最低药剂流量数学模型,开展冬季集输时的回油温度研究,计算出冬季地面温度-20℃时,集输最低药剂流量3m3/d,以及不同含水率下的冬季集输时的回油温度。通过7口井原油冷启动实验研究,确定产液量大于4t/d,停井后可以实现冷启集输。从而为地面低温高效集输提供依据。
[Abstract]:The crude oil produced in some blocks of Daqing Oilfield belongs to high waxy crude oil, and waxing will occur in pumping wells. It is necessary to remove wax from pumping wells on a regular basis. At the same time, due to the climatic environment, it is also necessary to use the heat transfer mode of mixing hot water with heat. This will lead to an increase in production energy consumption. Therefore, in this paper, the method of adding flow improver to the oil pumping well without wax cleaning and surface gathering research is carried out to provide theoretical and technical guidance for effective reservoir production. In this paper, DODE-3 type oil-soluble crude oil flow improver is selected for wax removal and surface gathering and transportation experiments. Through laboratory evaluation experiments, reasonable dosing concentration and dosing method are selected. According to the determined dosing method and the required concentration, the dosing process was designed, and the dosage of each dosing was determined by calculation. At the same time, experiments were carried out to monitor the concentration of the reagent and eliminate the influence of constant pressure and degassing on the loss of the reagents, and the adding process of the flow improver was improved. In this paper, no wax removal in pumping well is studied, and the effects of flow resistance, flow resistance and fluid viscosity change in pump with flow improver are analyzed. The experiments show that the flow resistance and the viscosity of the fluid can be reduced with the increase of the flow improver and the moisture content, and the effect of wax prevention can be realized. At the same time, 843 wells in 8 oil transfer stations were selected, the water content was distributed from 33% to 98%, the average daily flow improver was 1.4 kg / d and the average concentration of 185mg/L was added to the single well to carry out the wax-free experiment. The effect was only to reduce the total number of hot car washing wells by 552 wells in the same year in 2015. 1417.2 wells are washed by hot washing pump. The amount of oil less affected by less heat washing is 1.35 脳 10 ~ 4 t. Through the synergistic experiment of flow improver and demulsifier and observing the temperature change of single well return oil, metering room and transfer station, it is found that the temperature change of single well return oil, metering room and transfer station is very small. The removal of water is greatly increased, which is convenient for gathering and transportation. A mathematical model was established to study the return oil temperature during gathering and transportation in winter. The minimum flux of fungicides in winter was calculated when the surface temperature was -20 鈩，

本文编号：1882418