山区特殊地段钢制管道保护材料研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 22:15

本文选题：石油运输 + 管道保护　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济的发展,.我国对石油、天然气等能源的需求量与日俱增。为了满足国民对能源的需求,我国加大了对长输管线建设的规模,在管线的建设中,为了有效地保护管道及防腐层免受破坏,地埋管道对其周围的土壤成份有较为严格地要求。然而在地质条件更为恶劣的某些山区(如石漠化地区),无法找到适合回填管沟的土壤,需要长距离运输土壤或粉碎大块砾石,这样就增加了施工成本同时延长了施工周期。本文基于此背景研究开发一种高强度、抗冲击、便于施工的泡沫材料,该材料可包裹在管道外面,弥补传统细土回填管沟方法的弊端。本文的主要研究成果如下：(1)运用单因素实验方法制定了保护层材料配比试验方案,共进行7组配比实验。通过对试样进行简支梁冲击试验,得出保护层原材料各组份对材料冲击性能的影响趋势,通过各组分试验比对,最终确定压缩强度230kPa、冲击强度15.9J、泡孔均匀、致密度适中、密度较轻的保护层材料。该保护层材料与管道PE防腐层之间不存在相互腐蚀等不良影响,可以与之长久共存。(2)通过室内模型试验研究保护层材料受到冲击荷载作用时管道的动态响应,得到了保护层下陷深度和管道应力随保护层厚度及冲击加载次数的增加呈增长趋势；并得到了不同保护层厚度的管道应力增长系数。利用ABAQUS有限元数值分析软件,分析了不同的保护层厚度、管道直径、重锤下落高度的管道动态变化规律,并结合室内模型实验结果,以及考虑材料的经济性能,最终确定了保护层材料的最优厚度应在5-8cm之间。(3)现场模型试验通过采取块石回填、车辆碾压、重锤冲击等加载方式,分析对比了有、无保护层对管道PE防腐层、管道应力、土体的压力及管道振动加速度的影响。在用现场原状土(块石)回填管沟时,保护层能够大幅度降低管道动态响应及保护PE防腐层免受破损；当重锤冲击荷载作用在管道上方土体时,保护层对管道的保护作用也有一定的效果；而当车辆的移动荷载作用时,保护层对管道保护效果与细土保护效果相当。总体而言,保护层材料对管道及PE防腐层的保护作用明显优于细土对管道的保护。(4)本文结合保护层材料的特性,设计了现场施工设备体系,同时给出了喷涂施工和浇注施工两种施工方法。根据现场施工条件,选择合适的施工方法,能够极大地提高保护层施工进度,缩短施工工期。(5)对保护层材料与传统石方粉碎和购买细土回填的经济性进行了定量对比,结果表明保护材料的经济性明显优越于其它方式,并且保护层材料增加PE防护层及管道的安全性,降低损坏、爆裂的风险,避免潜在风险及损失,减少了维修、维护的几率,间接增加了保护层材料的经济性。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy. The demand for oil, natural gas and other energy in China is increasing day by day. In order to meet the national demand for energy, China has increased the scale of long-distance pipeline construction. In order to effectively protect the pipeline and anticorrosive coating from damage, the underground pipeline has strict requirements for the soil composition around it. However, in some mountainous areas where the geological conditions are even worse (such as rocky desertification area), it is impossible to find the soil suitable for backfill ditches, which requires long distance transportation of soil or crushing of large gravel, thus increasing the construction cost and prolonging the construction period. Based on this background, this paper studies and develops a kind of foam material with high strength, impact resistance and easy construction, which can be wrapped outside the pipe and make up for the drawback of the traditional backfill method of fine soil. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) by using the single factor experimental method, the experimental scheme of the ratio of protective layer materials is formulated, and seven groups of experiments are carried out. Through the impact test of simply supported beam on the sample, the influence trend of each component of the protective layer raw material on the impact property of the material is obtained. The compression strength of 230 KPA, the impact strength of 15.9J, the uniform bubble pore and the moderate density are determined by the comparison of each component test. Less dense protective layer material. There is no bad effect such as mutual corrosion between the protective material and PE coating of pipeline, so it can coexist with it for a long time. (2) the dynamic response of pipeline under impact load is studied by indoor model test. It is found that the depth of the cover subsidence and the pipeline stress increase with the increase of the thickness of the protective layer and the times of impact loading, and the stress growth coefficient of the pipeline with different thickness of the protective layer is obtained. By using ABAQUS finite element numerical analysis software, the dynamic variation laws of pipeline with different protective layer thickness, pipe diameter and drop height of weight hammer are analyzed, and the results of indoor model experiments and the economic performance of materials are considered. Finally, it is determined that the optimum thickness of protective layer material should be between 5-8cm. 3) by adopting the loading methods of block backfill, vehicle compaction, weight hammer impact, etc., the stress of PE anticorrosion layer and pipeline without protective coating is analyzed and compared. The influence of soil pressure and pipeline vibration acceleration. The protective layer can greatly reduce the dynamic response of the pipeline and protect the PE anticorrosion coating from damage when the original soil (block rock) is backfilled with the pipe trench, and when the heavy hammer impact load is acting on the soil above the pipe, The protective effect of the protective layer on the pipeline is also effective, but when the moving load of the vehicle, the protective effect of the protective layer on the pipeline is equivalent to that of the fine soil protection. In general, the protective effect of protective coating material on pipeline and PE anticorrosion coating is obviously better than that of fine soil on pipeline protection. 4) in this paper, combined with the characteristics of protective layer material, the site construction equipment system is designed. At the same time, two construction methods, spraying construction and pouring construction, are given. According to the site construction conditions, choosing suitable construction methods can greatly improve the construction progress of the protective layer and shorten the construction period. (5) the economy of the protective layer material is compared quantitatively with that of the traditional stone square crushing and the purchase of fine soil backfill. The results show that the economy of protective material is better than that of other ways, and the protective layer material increases the safety of PE protective layer and pipeline, reduces the risk of damage and burst, avoids the potential risk and loss, and reduces the probability of maintenance and maintenance. The economy of protective layer material is increased indirectly.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973;TQ328.3

【参考文献】