A天然气有限公司供应链多级库存最优水平研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 19:51

本文选题：液化天然气 + 供应链多级库存　；参考：《福建农林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：液态天然气(LNG),是天然气储存和运输时所采用的一种独特的物质状态。LNG的库存管理与企业上下游关系密切,不仅受上游供应量和下游需求量影响,还受到储罐罐容限制。如果库存管理不当,将可能出现空罐或满罐的风险。为了保证LNG总体项目的正常运行,匹配好LNG储罐的可接卸量与LNG船的卸货量,LNG储罐的可供应量与下游用户的需求量,才能避免出现缺货或超货现象。因此,对LNG的库存控制要从全局上对整个供应链的资源进行统一调配,通过追求供应链上各连接点库存成本的最优值,实现整个供应链库存总成本的最优化。本文首先介绍了对LNG供应链库存管理研究的背景和意义,分别概括了国内外研究现状,并分析我国LNG企业库存管理研究的必要性和切入点。运用演绎法,在供应链库存管理的基础理论知识和供应链环境下基于库存成本最优的多级库存管理模型的基础上,根据A天然气有限公司实际情况与LNG供应链特点,建立A公司供应链多级库存管理模型,并运用遗传算法求解A公司供应链多级库存成本最优解。最后以A天然气有限公司2016年10月-12月份的库存数据为实例,比较通过模型运用matlab软件计算得出A公司指导库存水平与实际库存水平的差异值,并根据差异值提出了对策建议。本文通过对A公司LNG供应链多级库存最优水平的研究,计算出A公司最优库存成本为3.65 ×10~9元,最佳订购量为6万吨,最佳订购点为8万吨,即储罐平均液位为13.4米。模型指导的库存水平与实际库存水平存在±0.95%偏差区间,可通过在经济库存协同、现货采购LNG、加强信息沟通、应对不可抗因素等方面加强管理,修正偏差,让企业能够提前研究制定库存管理措施,确保向上游顺利提气和向下游市场稳定用气,达到平滑生产、增强抗风险能力和降低总库存费用的目的。
[Abstract]:Liquid natural gas (LNG) is a unique material state used in the storage and transportation of natural gas. The inventory management of LNG is closely related to the upstream and downstream of enterprises, which is not only affected by upstream supply and downstream demand, but also limited by tank capacity. If the inventory is not properly managed, there may be the risk of empty or full tanks. In order to ensure the normal operation of the LNG project, it is possible to avoid the phenomenon of shortage or overloading by matching the acceptable unloading capacity of the LNG storage tank with the unloading quantity of the LNG vessel and the available supply of the LNG storage tank and the demand of the downstream users. Therefore, the inventory control of LNG should allocate the resources of the whole supply chain in a unified way, and realize the optimization of the total inventory cost of the whole supply chain by pursuing the optimal value of the inventory cost of each connection point in the supply chain. This paper first introduces the background and significance of the research on LNG supply chain inventory management, summarizes the current research situation at home and abroad, and analyzes the necessity and breakthrough point of the research on inventory management of LNG enterprises in China. Based on the theoretical knowledge of supply chain inventory management and the multi-level inventory management model based on the optimal inventory cost under the supply chain environment, according to the actual situation of A Natural Gas Co., Ltd and the characteristics of LNG supply chain, this paper applies deductive method. The multi-level inventory management model of A company supply chain is established, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimal solution of multi-level inventory cost in A company supply chain. Finally, taking the inventory data from October to December 2016 of A Natural Gas Co. Ltd as an example, this paper compares the difference between the guiding inventory level and the actual inventory level of A Company by using matlab software, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions based on the difference value. In this paper, the optimal level of multistage inventory in LNG supply chain of company A is studied. The optimal inventory cost of company A is 3.65 脳 10 ~ (9) Yuan, the optimal order quantity is 60 000 tons, and the optimal ordering point is 80 000 tons, that is, the average liquid level of storage tank is 13.4 meters. There is 卤0.95% deviation between the inventory level guided by the model and the actual inventory level. The deviation can be corrected by strengthening the management in the aspects of economic inventory coordination, spot purchasing LNGs, strengthening information communication, dealing with irresistible factors, etc. So that enterprises can study and formulate inventory management measures in advance to ensure the smooth upstream lift and the downstream market stable gas consumption, to achieve smooth production, enhance the ability to resist risks and reduce the total inventory costs.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F274;F426.22

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