基于光栅检测油管长度的测量

发布时间：2018-05-24 21:44

本文选题：油管测量 + 光栅　；参考：《沈阳工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在油田工作中,大部分的油层从勘探到开发及后期的维护过程中会受到很大程度的损害。压井会造成产层污染甚至堵塞,使油井产量下降。放喷使局部地层压力降低,影响油层出油能力,损坏地层结构,对油气资源可持续的发展有一定害处。不压井作业工艺能够很好的解决这些难题。带压作业中,环形防喷器是实现隔离井内高温高压的关键部件,在提升或下放管柱时,环形防喷器胶芯处于闭合状态,若有管箍通过时,环形防喷器的胶芯处于张开状态,否则,就会损坏其胶芯,造成很大的损失。若一个环形防喷器胶芯张开,另一个环形防喷器的胶芯一定处于闭合状态,在提升或下入管柱时,总会有一个环形防喷器闭合,这样就完成了带压作业。因此,精确测量管箍的具体位置,确定环形防喷器的胶芯的开闭时刻,在带压修井机中十分重要。本文利用光栅测量单根油管的长度,应用单片机控制光栅有效计数,得到准确的单根油管长度,来确定油管管箍的位置,为修井作业时,环形防喷器的开闭、液压大钳相对管箍的位置提供理论依据。在油田生产中,井下油管的总长度也一直受到修井作业的工作人员的长期关注,明确单根油管和总体油管的长度在修井作业中是个十分重要的问题。本文既可以明确油管管箍的位置也可以明确油管的总长度。这种测量油管长度的方法具有计量精度高,减轻劳动强度,提高生产效率和经济效益等优点。论文通过对油田作业修井所需,设计了一种基于光栅检测连续油管长度在线测量系统。该系统通过一对光栅副测量油管的长度,为整个测量系统设计了硬件电路并开发了软件程序。通过测量能精确的得到单根油管的长度。利用单片机按顺序存储单根油管长度可精确定位油管管箍的位置。
[Abstract]:In oil field work, most reservoirs will be damaged in the process of exploration, development and later maintenance. Well-killing may cause formation pollution or even blockage, resulting in a decline in oil production. Local formation pressure is reduced by releasing injection, which affects oil production ability, damages formation structure, and is harmful to the sustainable development of oil and gas resources. The non-well-working process can solve these problems well. In pressure operation, ring blowout preventer is the key component to realize high temperature and high pressure in isolation well. When lifting or lowering pipe string, the rubber core of ring blowout preventer is in closed state. If pipe hoop passes, the rubber core of ring blowout preventer is open. Otherwise, it will damage its rubber core, causing great losses. If the rubber core of one ring blowout preventer is open, the rubber core of the other ring blowout preventer must be closed. When lifting or entering the pipe string, there will always be an annular blowout preventer closed, thus completing the operation with pressure. Therefore, it is very important to accurately measure the concrete position of the pipe hoop and determine the opening and closing time of the rubber core of the ring blowout preventer in the workover machine with pressure. In this paper, the length of single tubing is measured by grating, the effective counting of single tubing is controlled by single chip microcomputer, and the exact length of tubing is obtained. The position of tubing hoop is determined, which is the opening and closing of annular blowout preventer during workover operation. The position of hydraulic forceps relative to pipe hoops provides theoretical basis. In the production of oil field, the total length of downhole tubing has been concerned by workover workers for a long time. It is very important to define the length of single tubing and total tubing in workover operation. Both the position of tubing hoop and the total length of tubing can be determined in this paper. The method of measuring tubing length has the advantages of high measuring precision, reducing labor intensity, improving production efficiency and economic benefit. In this paper, an on-line measuring system for the length of continuous tubing based on grating is designed. In this system, the length of tubing is measured by a pair of grating pairs, the hardware circuit is designed and the software program is developed for the whole measuring system. The length of a single tubing can be accurately obtained by measuring. The position of tubing hoop can be accurately located by single tubing length stored sequentially by single chip computer.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973.6

【参考文献】