油井柱塞泵用永磁直线同步电动机设计研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 19:36

本文选题：TPMLSM + 参数计算　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：石油作为当今社会的主要能源之一,采油设备的研究得到了广泛的重视。传统游梁式四连杆结构采油装置存在中间环节多、井杆管偏磨、系统柔性差、效率低等问题。为了改善这些问题,相关研究人员提出了一种由直线电机直接驱动抽油泵进行往复抽油的无杆采油系统,该种系统不存在井杆管偏磨问题,并且系统效率高,排量调节范围宽、易调参,可实现短冲程、高冲次。本文对潜油直驱系统中应用的圆筒型永磁直线同步电动机(Tubular Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor,TPMLSM)进行了分析计算、设计和结构优化,主要工作包括以下几个部分:研究了电机的基本结构和工作原理,基于该电机的特殊结构和工作原理,通过对普通旋转永磁同步电机和直线感应电机电磁参数计算方法的研究,给出了适用于TPMLSM电阻、电抗参数和初级铁心损耗的计算公式以及工作特性曲线的计算方法。讨论了初级线圈匝数、永磁体厚度等结构参数变化对电机性能的影响。利用有限元分析软件Maxwell建立电机模型,对TPMLSM的气隙磁场分布、空载反电势、初级三相电流和电机过载能力等性能进行分析,经过傅里叶分解后,得到其基波和各次主要谐波分量。通过比较不同结构参数下的电机性能指标,得出了结构参数变化对TPMLSM性能的影响规律,从而确定较优结构,以达到优化电机的目的。对电机的齿槽力进行了分析,首先通过解析法研究了 TPMLSM的齿槽力,得到了齿槽力的解析表达式。其次,利用有限元法通过改变槽口宽度、气隙不均匀程度、磁极极弧系数等措施削弱齿槽效应,研究了各影响因素对电机齿槽力的影响规律。这为减小齿槽力,抑制电机输出力波动,从而使电机能够稳定运行提供了参考依据。根据电机各项性能指标要求,以及结构优化和齿槽力分析结果,确定了电机设计的主要参数。利用有限元软件建模,进行仿真计算,得到了所设计电机的磁密分布以及带额定负载运行时性能曲线。在满足电机设计要求的前提下,制造了样机,进行样机试验,并将样机试验结果与有限元仿真结果进行比较验证。验证结果表明,电机符合设计要求。利用Maxwell分别建立不同初级铁心材料(硅钢片、软磁复合材料)下的TPMLSM有限元仿真模型,在此基础上,对比分析了以硅钢片为铁心材料的TPMLSM和以软磁复合材料铁心材料的TPMLSM的气隙径向磁密分布和空载反电势,并对两种铁心材料电机的带额定负载运行的性能曲线进行分析。比较结果表明,软磁复合材料应用于TPMLSM是可行的。
[Abstract]:As one of the main energy sources, the research of oil recovery equipment has been paid more and more attention. There are many problems in the traditional four-bar structure oil recovery device, such as many intermediate links, eccentric wear of shaft rod and pipe, poor system flexibility and low efficiency, etc. In order to improve these problems, the researchers put forward a kind of rod free oil recovery system which is driven directly by linear motor to pump reciprocating oil. The system does not have the problem of rod pipe bias wear, and the system has high efficiency and wide range of displacement regulation. Easy to adjust parameters, can achieve short stroke, high impact times. In this paper, the cylindrical permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (tubulular Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor TPMLSM) used in submersible direct drive system is analyzed, calculated, designed and optimized. The main work includes the following parts: the basic structure and working principle of the motor are studied. Based on the special structure and working principle of the motor, through the study of the calculation method of the electromagnetic parameters of the ordinary rotating permanent magnet synchronous motor and the linear induction motor, the TPMLSM resistance is given. The formula of reactance parameter and loss of primary iron core and the calculation method of working characteristic curve. The influence of structural parameters such as the number of turns of primary coil and the thickness of permanent magnet on the performance of motor is discussed. By using the finite element analysis software Maxwell, the motor model is established, and the air gap magnetic field distribution, the no-load back EMF, the primary three-phase current and the overload capacity of the motor are analyzed. The fundamental wave and the main harmonic components are obtained. By comparing the performance indexes of the motor with different structure parameters, the influence of structural parameters on the performance of TPMLSM is obtained, so as to determine the better structure and achieve the purpose of optimizing the motor. The slotting force of the motor is analyzed. Firstly, the tooth groove force of TPMLSM is studied by analytical method, and the analytical expression of the slot force is obtained. Secondly, the slot effect is weakened by changing slot width, air gap inhomogeneity, magnetic pole arc coefficient and so on. This provides a reference for reducing the tooth groove force, restraining the fluctuation of the output force of the motor and making the motor operate stably. The main parameters of the motor design are determined according to the performance requirements of the motor and the results of the structural optimization and the analysis of the tooth groove force. The magnetic density distribution of the designed motor and the performance curve of the motor with rated load are obtained by using finite element software modeling and simulation. On the premise of satisfying the requirements of motor design, the prototype is manufactured, the prototype test is carried out, and the results of the prototype test are compared with the finite element simulation results. The results show that the motor meets the design requirements. The TPMLSM finite element simulation models of different primary core materials (silicon steel sheet, soft magnetic composite material) were established by Maxwell. The air gap radial magnetic density distribution and no-load reverse EMF of TPMLSM with silicon steel as core material and TPMLSM with soft magnetic composite core material are compared and analyzed. The performance curves of two kinds of iron core motor with rated load are analyzed. The results show that the application of soft magnetic composites to TPMLSM is feasible.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE933.3;TM341

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