多功能型环氧树脂堵水材料的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 04:10

本文选题：改性环氧树脂 + 室温固化　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球能源短缺，油页岩作为一种可替代石油的能源，其开采和利用备受关注。目前，地上干馏和地下原位开采是开采油页岩的主要方法。但是干馏技术具有占地面积大、环境污染严重，成本高等缺点。因此，污染小的地下原位开采技术是替代传统技术的主要方法。在原位开采时，为了防止所开采的油、气及地下水的流窜，本文借鉴原油开采的堵水方法，拟采用非选择性的环氧树脂为基料，制备了环氧树脂堵水材料。本文将聚丙烯酰胺溶解到环氧树脂堵水材料中制备了可降解环氧树脂类堵水材料，通过对比实验、快速溶解实验和渗透实验，证实该材料中的聚丙烯酰胺溶解60%时，所需要的时间大约2年。众所周知，聚丙烯酰胺无毒，但是丙烯酰胺是神经性致毒剂。本文根据国标GB/T22312-2008测得乙醇中丙烯酰胺的浓度0.196ppm远低于0.05%，符合国家卫生部门的要求,所以不会影响环境和污染地下水。油页岩原位开采和原油开采一样，除了需要阻水外，还需要固井和高温开采。这对阻水和固井材料的性能提出更高的要求，即需要室温或较低温度固化，且具有良好的耐热性。本文分别利用TDI和以聚醚多元醇和异氰酸酯为原料制备的聚氨酯预聚体对前期制备的环氧树脂封堵材料进行改性，分别制得可以在室温和低温固化的改性环氧树脂封堵材料，其分解温度分别为255oC (TDI）和300oC（聚氨酯预聚体），高温固化下抗拉强度为10.9MPa。还对该材料在较高温度130oC和120oC下固化的材料进行力学性能测试，其抗拉强度分别为15.4MPa（130oC）和20.6MPa（120oC），说明在较高温度下，该材料的力学性能还是保持着较高的水平。同时还对所制得材料固化时间和性能进行研究，12h初固化，随着时间的延长，固化后的抗拉强度逐渐增加，固化5天后，强度可达30MPa以上。最后，将聚氨酯预聚体改性的环氧树脂堵水材料用于金属材料的防腐性能研究。研究表明：所制得的环氧树脂堵水材料对金属有良好的耐腐蚀性，其平均速率0.032035mm/a，小于0.076mm/a，符合国家标准（GB50050-2007），对金属能起到缓蚀作用。对涂膜表面的润湿性能测试，，可知接触角的增大，则表明该种材料胶膜表面富集，有效地降低了材料的表面张力，疏水性增强。总之，本文所制得的环氧树脂堵水材料不仅有良好的耐腐蚀性、力学性能，和耐高温特性，而且更突出是对金属的附着力，室温固化，固化时间短等。
[Abstract]:With the global energy shortage, oil shale, as an alternative to oil, has attracted much attention. At present, above-ground distillation and underground in-situ mining are the main methods of oil shale mining. However, distillation technology has the disadvantages of large area, serious environmental pollution and high cost. Therefore, low pollution underground in situ mining technology is the main alternative to traditional technology. In order to prevent the migration of oil, gas and groundwater in in-situ mining, the water shutoff material of epoxy resin was prepared by using the water plugging method of crude oil extraction as reference. The non-selective epoxy resin was used as the base material. In this paper, the degradable epoxy resin water plugging material was prepared by dissolving polyacrylamide into the water plugging material of epoxy resin. By contrast experiment, rapid dissolution experiment and permeation experiment, it was proved that the polyacrylamide dissolved in this material was 60%. It takes about two years. It is well known that polyacrylamide is not toxic, but acrylamide is a neurotoxic agent. According to the national standard GB/T22312-2008, the concentration of acrylamide in ethanol 0.196ppm is far lower than 0.05, which accords with the requirements of the state health department, so it will not affect the environment and pollute the groundwater. Oil shale production in situ, like crude oil production, requires well cementing and high-temperature production in addition to water blocking. The properties of water blocking and cementing materials need to be solidified at room temperature or at lower temperature and have good heat resistance. In this paper, TDI and polyurethane prepolymer prepared from polyether polyol and isocyanate were used to modify the pre-prepared epoxy resin plugging materials, which can be cured at room temperature and at low temperature, respectively. The decomposition temperatures are 255oC TDI and 300oC (polyurethane prepolymer), and the tensile strength is 10.9MPa after high temperature curing. The mechanical properties of the material solidified at high temperature 130oC and 120oC were also tested. The tensile strength of the material was 15.4MPA (130oC) and 20.6 MPA (120oC) respectively, which indicated that the mechanical properties of the material maintained a high level at higher temperature. At the same time, the curing time and properties of the prepared materials were studied. The tensile strength of the cured materials increased gradually with the prolongation of the curing time, and the strength reached to 30MPa after 5 days of curing. Finally, polyurethane prepolymer modified epoxy resin water plugging material was used to study the anticorrosive property of metal material. The results show that the epoxy resin has good corrosion resistance to metals, its average rate is 0.032035mm / a, less than 0.076mm / a, which conforms to the national standard GB50050-2007, and can inhibit the corrosion of metals. The increase of contact angle shows that the surface of the coating film is enriched and the surface tension is reduced and the hydrophobicity is enhanced. In a word, the epoxy resin water plugging material not only has good corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and high temperature resistance, but also has more outstanding adhesion to metals, curing at room temperature, short curing time and so on.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ323.5;TE358.3

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