南海北部深水盆地浅水流的地球物理识别特征及成因机制

发布时间：2018-06-02 21:26

本文选题：正常压实 + 超压　；参考：《中国科学院大学(中国科学院海洋研究所)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：南海北部深水盆地油气资源已成为我国油气勘探开发的一大热点。然而,深水地质灾害问题是影响深水油气勘探开发的重要因素,如浅水流、浅层气、海底滑坡、天然气水合物分解等。浅水流灾害是深水油气钻井中常见的深水地质灾害,在钻井过程中遇到会出现井漏、井喷,甚至引发平台不稳定至坍塌。因此,预测和避开深水油气开发过程中的地质灾害势在必行。论文选取南海深水盆地ODP184航次1144、1146、1148站位与IODP349航次U1431、U1432、U1433、U1435站位与X1钻井的测井数据,结合地震资料开展南海北部深水盆地的超压和浅水流地球物理识别和成因机制研究。为获取可靠的预测超压结果,研究了南海深水盆地正常压实沉积物的影响因素。分析南海深水盆地沉积物正常压实系数与沉积物组分、沉积速率、沉积物埋深等多个影响因素的关系,揭示南海深水盆地不同深度沉积物正常压实系数与初始孔隙度的变化规律。利用分析后可靠的拟合后正常压实系数进行钻井超压计算预测,分析南海北部深水盆地的超压地球物理特征和成因机制。通过超压的预测与分析进一步进行南海北部深水盆地超压浅水流砂体的预测,结合超压浅水流砂体所在地震剖面资料,分析浅水流砂体的地球物理属性识别方法。根据区域地质背景、钻井资料与地震资料解释,分析南海北部深水盆地浅水流砂体的成因机理。并提出了对浅水流这一深水钻井浅层地质灾害的预测预防方法。
[Abstract]:Oil and gas resources in deep water basins in the northern South China Sea have become a hot spot in oil and gas exploration and development in China. However, deep-water geological hazard is an important factor affecting the exploration and development of deep-water oil and gas, such as shallow water flow, shallow gas, submarine landslide, gas hydrate decomposition and so on. Shallow flow disaster is a common deep-water geological hazard in deep water oil and gas drilling. During drilling process, well leakage, blowout and even platform instability even collapse will occur. Therefore, it is imperative to predict and avoid geological hazards in the process of oil and gas development in deep water. In this paper, the logging data of ODP184 voyage 1144 / 1146 / 1148 and IODP349 voyage U1431 / U1432 / U1433 / U1435 and X1 well drilling are selected. Combined with seismic data, the over pressure and shallow flow geophysical identification and genetic mechanism of deep water basins in the northern part of the South China Sea are studied. In order to obtain reliable prediction results of overpressure, the influence factors of normal compacted sediments in the South China Sea deep-water basin were studied. The relationship between the normal compaction coefficient of sediments in the South China Sea Deepwater Basin and several factors, such as sediment composition, sedimentation rate, sediment burial depth and so on, is analyzed. The variation of normal compaction coefficient and initial porosity of sediments at different depths in the South China Sea deepwater basin is revealed. The overpressure geophysical characteristics and genetic mechanism of the deep-water basins in the northern South China Sea are analyzed by using the reliable fitting normal compaction coefficient to calculate and predict the overpressure in drilling wells. Through the prediction and analysis of overpressure, the prediction of overpressure shallow water flow sand body in the deep water basin of the northern South China Sea is further carried out. Combined with the seismic profile data of the overpressure shallow water flow sand body, the geophysical attribute identification method of the shallow water flow sand body is analyzed. Based on the regional geological background and interpretation of drilling data and seismic data, the genetic mechanism of shallow flowing sand bodies in deep water basins in the northern part of the South China Sea is analyzed. The method of prediction and prevention of shallow water flow, a shallow geological hazard in deep water drilling, is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院大学(中国科学院海洋研究所)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13

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