盐穴三维建模关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 05:54

本文选题：盐穴测量 + 盐穴三维建模　；参考：《辽宁工程技术大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：盐穴是利用水溶开采方式在地下较厚的盐层或盐丘中形成的人造地下洞穴,主要用于安全储存不溶解于盐的物质,是重要的战略物资贮备方式.盐穴空间是非均质、非直视的三维空间,其大小和形状根据不同的地质条件而定.中国目前有关盐穴的研究尚处于初级阶段,建立盐穴的三维模型对盐穴的开发利用及稳定性分析具有重要意义.盐穴测量是盐穴三维建模的基础,获取较为准确的盐穴形体、表面积和体积数据是盐穴测量需要解决的主要问题之一.盐穴的体积、表面积是盐穴稳定性分析的重要参数,传统的盐穴体积、面积计算方法是在二维图形的基础上进行近似计算,计算精度差,克服这一不足的方法是建立盐穴的三维模型,目前国内、国际上尚没有成熟的盐穴三维建模工具和方法.本文以盐穴的测量数据为研究对象,从地质三维建模的角度,通过对盐穴测量方法、测量数据特点的分析,对盐穴三维表面模型、体数据模型的建模方法进行研究,力图建立一套较为完整的盐穴三维建模理论与方法体系.针对盐穴的测量数据预处理问题,对盐穴测量数据的检验、校正及插值问题进行了研究,为避免插值过程中出现的数据畸变,引入了保形埃尔米特插值方法对盐穴的水平剖面线和垂直剖面线进行插值.通过对盐穴剖面线空间关系的分析,总结了剖面线的特点,研究了几种典型的剖面线面模型重构算法,针对外垂直剖面线建模问题,提出了空间最近点表面模型建模算法,并对其进行了进一步改进,提出了改进的空间最近点建模方法,在此基础上通过引入评价函数的方式,提出了双边距离角度加权面模型建模算法.为了解决侵入盐穴内部岩石体的建模问题,提出了内垂直剖面线的分类算法和延展建模方法.在表面模型的体素化阶段,采用了两种快速排除方法对传统的射线法进行了改进.由于盐穴形状较为复杂,直接利用其水平剖面线进行表面建模存在较为复杂的分支与对应问题,为解决此建模难点,借鉴轮廓变形方法的思想,提出通过构造属性场的方式引入隐函数的变分方法直接对水平剖面数据进行体数据插值,通过规则体素模型进行体数据模型生成,采用等值面绘制技术实现体数据模型到表面模型的转换.根据本文提出的算法设计并实现了盐穴测量数据的三维建模原型系统,对实际盐穴测量数据建立了表面模型和体数据模型,应用此三维模型进行了面积和体积的计算,并将结果与实际盐穴测量数据分析结果进行了比对,对方法的有效性进行了验证.
[Abstract]:Salt cavern is a kind of artificial underground cave formed in thick salt layer or salt dome by water solution mining. It is mainly used to store insoluble salt material safely and is an important strategic material storage method. The space of salt caverns is heterogeneous and indirect-looking, and its size and shape depend on different geological conditions. The study of salt caverns in China is still in its infancy, so it is of great significance to establish a three-dimensional model of salt caverns for the development and utilization of salt caverns and the analysis of their stability. The measurement of salt hole is the basis of 3D modeling of salt hole. Obtaining accurate body of salt hole, surface area and volume data is one of the main problems that need to be solved in the measurement of salt hole. The volume and surface area of salt hole are important parameters in the stability analysis of salt hole. The traditional method of calculating the volume and area of salt hole is based on 2-D figure. The method to overcome this deficiency is to establish the 3D model of salt cavern. At present, there are no mature tools and methods for 3D modeling of salt cavern at home and abroad. In this paper, taking the measurement data of salt hole as the research object, from the angle of geological 3D modeling, through the analysis of the measurement method of salt hole and the characteristics of measurement data, the modeling method of 3D surface model and volume data model of salt hole is studied. This paper tries to establish a complete set of three-dimensional modeling theory and method system of salt cavities. In order to avoid the distortion of data in the process of salt hole measurement, the test, correction and interpolation of measurement data of salt hole are studied in order to avoid the distortion of data in the process of interpolation. The shape preserving Hermitt interpolation method is introduced to interpolate horizontal and vertical profile lines of salt caverns. Based on the analysis of the spatial relationship of the profile line of the salt cavern, the characteristics of the profile line are summarized, and several typical algorithms for reconstruction of the profile line surface model are studied. Aiming at the modeling problem of the outer vertical profile line, a spatial nearest point surface model modeling algorithm is proposed. Furthermore, an improved spatial nearest point modeling method is proposed. On the basis of this, a two-sided distance angle weighted surface modeling algorithm is proposed by introducing the evaluation function. In order to solve the modeling problem of intrusive rock body in salt cavern, the classification algorithm and extended modeling method of internal vertical profile are proposed. In the phase of voxelization of the surface model, two fast elimination methods were adopted to improve the traditional ray method. Because of the complex shape of salt hole, there are complicated branches and corresponding problems in surface modeling by using the horizontal profile of salt hole directly. In order to solve the difficulty of modeling, the idea of contour deformation method is used for reference. In this paper, the implicit function is introduced to interpolate the horizontal profile data directly by constructing the attribute field, and the volume data model is generated by the regular voxel model. The conversion of volume data model to surface model is realized by using isosurface rendering technology. According to the algorithm proposed in this paper, a 3D modeling prototype system of salt hole measurement data is designed and implemented. The surface model and volume data model are established for the actual salt hole measurement data, and the area and volume are calculated by using this three-dimensional model. The effectiveness of the method is verified by comparing the results with the analysis results of the actual salt hole measurement data.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE972

【相似文献】