微生物代谢及驱油机理的研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 09:47

本文选题：微生物代谢 + 剩余油　；参考：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：微生物驱油技术是利用微生物活动及代谢物来改变原油物性,进而提高原油采收率的技术。该技术自提出以来,无论在提高原油采收率,还是理论研究方面均有不同程度的进步。但仍有提高空间,尚存不足,如微生物采油机理大多集中对微生物自身及生理生化方面的研究,关于定量描述的研究比较少;另外从微生物驱油技术概念可知,代谢产物对微生物驱油至关重要。因此,开展了微生物代谢及驱油机理的研究,可系统掌握影响微生物驱油效果的因素及驱油机理,具有实际研究意义及价值。本文利用物质守恒定律和室内试验对油藏中微生物代谢产物的浓度、油层孔道中剩余油的分布及菌体在油层孔道中的滞留聚集现象进行了研究。梳理了微生物及其代谢产物对提高采油率和驱油力的贡献比,并在此研究基础上,找到了适合微生物驱的油藏方法。目的是为形成一套全面系统的微生物驱油机理及方法提供理论依据和技术支持。1.通过对微生物代谢产物及所需营养液的组成成分的研究,并运用物质守恒定理和室内试验的方法,对微生物代谢产物的浓度和驱油能力进行了分析。结果表明:油层中微生物代谢生成的CO2、N2气量较少,且不易游离出来,同时氧原子的含量制约了微生物代谢产物的生成量。2.利用微观仿真模型对微生物菌体在剩余油中的分布和微断塞驱油机理进行了研究。结果显示:大量微生物菌体滞留聚集在剩余油附近,使代谢物的浓度不断增加,在代谢产物浓度较高的区域形成了微小段塞,利用微小段塞机理驱油,可最大限度的驱出孔道盲端中的剩余油。3.在遵循微生物生长规律的基础上,研究了影响微生物驱油的主要因素。结果表明:要合理选择注入方式、注入速度。同时微生物所需的营养液粘度与水相似,导致营养液波及体积有限,建议与其他技术联用。科学合理控制驱替时机和方法,确保微生物代谢产物浓度的有效积累。
[Abstract]:Microbial oil displacement technology is a technology that uses microbial activity and metabolites to change the physical properties of crude oil and improve oil recovery. Since the technology was put forward, there has been some progress in both oil recovery and theoretical research. However, there is still room for improvement. For example, the mechanism of microbial oil recovery is mostly focused on the microorganism itself and physiological and biochemical aspects, but there is little research on quantitative description. Metabolites are essential for microbial oil displacement. Therefore, the study of microbial metabolism and oil displacement mechanism, which can systematically understand the factors affecting microbial oil displacement effect and oil displacement mechanism, has practical significance and value. In this paper, the concentration of microbial metabolites in oil reservoir, the distribution of remaining oil in reservoir pore channel and the phenomenon of cell retention and accumulation in reservoir pore channel are studied by means of the law of conservation of matter and laboratory test. The contribution ratio of microbes and their metabolites to the improvement of oil recovery rate and oil displacement efficiency was combed. On the basis of this study, a reservoir method suitable for microbial flooding was found. The aim is to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the formation of a comprehensive and systematic microbial oil displacement mechanism and method. Based on the study of microbial metabolites and the components of nutrient solution, the concentration and oil displacement ability of microbial metabolites were analyzed by using the conservation theorem of substances and the method of laboratory test. The results show that the amount of CO _ 2N _ 2 produced by microbial metabolism in oil reservoir is less and it is not easy to dissociate, and the content of oxygen atoms restricts the production of microbial metabolites. The microcosmic simulation model was used to study the distribution of microorganism in residual oil and the oil displacement mechanism of micro-fault plug. The results showed that a large number of microbes were trapped in the vicinity of the remaining oil, and the concentration of metabolites was continuously increased, and a small slug was formed in the region with higher concentration of metabolites, and the mechanism of microslug was used to drive oil. The remaining oil in the blind end of the hole can be driven to the maximum extent. 3. On the basis of following the law of microbial growth, the main factors affecting microbial oil displacement were studied. The results show that the injection mode and the injection rate should be reasonably selected. At the same time, the viscosity of nutrient solution required by microorganism is similar to that of water, which leads to the limited volume of nutrient solution and is suggested to be used in conjunction with other technologies. Scientific and reasonable control of displacement time and methods to ensure the effective accumulation of microbial metabolites.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.9

【相似文献】