真空加热炉炉管结垢对换热效果影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 21:43

本文选题：加热炉 + 炉管　；参考：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在石油石化行业,加热炉是一种广泛应用于油田集输过程中的加热设备。真空加热炉因其成本低、效率较高、自动化程度高等优点被油田现场广泛使用。经过多年的发展,真空加热炉无论在设计方面还是在应用方面都逐渐提升,与此同时,针对真空加热炉各部件的研究工作也不断开展,炉管作为真空加热炉的重要换热元件,在运行过程中易结垢而影响真空加热炉的整体换热效率,本文即以真空加热炉结垢炉管为研究对象开展相关的数值模拟计算工作。由于换热介质中含有杂质,会导致炉管管壁结垢,进而导致管壁的换热热阻增大,使得整个加热炉换热性能下降。本文为了较合理地分析加热炉炉管结垢对加热炉力学特性的影响,以耦合传热理论为依据,综合应用有限元分析软件,考虑流、固、热三场的综合作用,建立了直段、弯段及多根结垢前、后的炉管力学模型,对不同结垢厚度、不同结垢面积、不同进口流速和不同炉管材料的真空加热炉结垢炉管进行多场耦合数值模拟分析,分析结果表明随着垢体厚度、结垢面积和介质流速的增加,盘管换热面的表面换热系数降低,炉管换热性能下降,但当结垢厚度、结垢面积和介质进口流速达到一定值后影响变小,同时,管壁的材料对换热量也有影响。本研究成果能够较科学地描述结垢炉管的力学特性,为真空加热炉的合理使用和换热效果预测提供一种方法,本研究方法也适用于石油石化行业的其他设备。
[Abstract]:In petroleum and petrochemical industry, reheating furnace is a kind of heating equipment which is widely used in oil field gathering and transportation process. Vacuum heating furnace is widely used in oil field because of its low cost, high efficiency and high degree of automation. After years of development, the design and application of vacuum heating furnace have been gradually improved. At the same time, the research work on the parts of vacuum heating furnace has been carried out constantly, and the furnace tube is an important heat exchanger element of vacuum heating furnace. The integral heat transfer efficiency of the vacuum heating furnace is affected by the easy scaling during operation. In this paper, the scaling tube of the vacuum heating furnace is taken as the research object to carry out the relevant numerical simulation and calculation work. Because of the impurity in the heat transfer medium, the heat transfer resistance of the tube wall increases and the heat transfer performance of the whole furnace decreases. In order to analyze reasonably the influence of fouling on the mechanical properties of reheating furnace, based on the coupled heat transfer theory and the application of finite element analysis software, the straight section is established by considering the comprehensive action of flow, solid and heat fields. The mechanical model of the furnace tube before and after the bending section and multiple fouling is analyzed by multi-field coupled numerical simulation for different scaling thickness, different scaling area, different inlet velocity and different tube material. The results show that with the increase of the thickness of scale body, the area of scaling and the flow rate of medium, the surface heat transfer coefficient of coil tube decreases and the heat transfer performance of furnace tube decreases. The influence of the scaling area and the inlet velocity of the medium becomes smaller, and the material of the pipe wall also has an effect on the heat transfer. The results of this study can scientifically describe the mechanical characteristics of scaling furnace tube and provide a method for the rational use of vacuum heating furnace and prediction of heat transfer effect. The research method is also suitable for other equipment in petroleum and petrochemical industry.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE974.2

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