煤层气井集输系统新型清洁防垢剂的研制与应用

发布时间：2018-06-16 14:54

本文选题：集输系统 + 采出液　；参考：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：开采煤层气是通过抽排井底的煤层水,降低煤层压力,使吸附在煤层的天然气被释放出来的一个过程。从采出液外输至水处理合格至排放到自然环境的过程中,集输管线、水处理设备等普遍存在结垢现象。结垢导致管道流通截面减小,流体输送效率下降,严重的还可能导致管线被堵死,设备不能正常运行等,严重影响到油气的正常生产。到目前为止,油田集输系统结垢的问题已经有了很多相关的研究,但是,针对煤层气井集输系统结垢的相关研究还很少。从煤层气井开采开始,就要抽排承压水,且伴有一定量的煤粉生产,结垢特点与常规天然气井有一定的不同。中石油煤层气公司煤层气井集输系统结垢严重,本文以忻州区块为依托,分析煤层气井集输系统结垢机理及影响因素,在对区块水质,垢样大量检测的基础上,研制了一种新型清洁防垢剂,解决了集输系统结垢的问题。具体开展了以下几个方面的工作:(1)通过对中石油煤层气忻州区块的地质情况、水处理工艺流程等因素进行分析,找出可能造成结垢的潜在因素,对结垢现状、结垢分布规律等进行一个系统的梳理,为后面研制清洁防垢剂打下基础。(2)按照《油气田水分析方法》规定,对156 口井进行了水质测试,以忻州区块的水处理站为研究对象,对每一个水处理站及其来水分类对比,证明了该区块的采出液中成垢因子主要是Ca2+、Mg2+、Sr2+、Ba2+、C032、HCO3-和SO42-,分析出可能结垢的类型为碳酸钙,碳酸锶、碳酸钡等,且主要垢为碳酸钙垢。(3)对当前集输系统结垢情况进行一个系统调研,选择了具有代表性的管线取垢样,采用通过化学滴定法、X射线衍射光谱法等检测手段检测了忻州区块垢的类型。(4)选取了 13种对环境影响小的防垢剂进行单剂防垢率实验评价,结合协同增效理论最后确定了用PBTCA、HPAA与PESA、MA/AA进行复配,通过评价复配防垢剂的防垢性能,得到两个效果极好的清洁防垢剂配方。(5)对两个清洁防垢剂进行综合评价,最终确定了一个在各种影响因素下防垢性能仍极好的配方,并在配方中增加了特制的煤粉悬浮剂,研制出一种针对煤层气井集输系统结垢的新型清洁防垢剂。(6)选择合适的加药设备,改造了水处理工艺流程,制定现场试验方案。根据实验方案选取了1号水处理站现场实验,经试验,我们研制的新型清洁防垢剂取得了非常好的应用效果,解决了煤层气井集输系统的结垢问题。且经过水质排放指标检测,也证实了新型清洁防垢剂的环保性。
[Abstract]:Coal bed methane (CBM) mining is a process by which the coal bed pressure is reduced and the natural gas adsorbed in the coal bed is released by pumping the water from the bottom of the well. Scaling is common in gathering pipelines and water treatment equipments during the process of transferring the fluid out of the production to the qualified water treatment to discharging to the natural environment. Fouling results in a decrease in the flow section of the pipeline, a decrease in the efficiency of fluid transportation, a serious possibility of pipeline plugging, and the failure of the equipment to operate normally, which seriously affects the normal production of oil and gas. Up to now, there have been many related researches on scaling in oil field gathering and transportation system, but there are few researches on scaling in coalbed gas well gathering and transportation system. Starting from the exploitation of coalbed methane wells, it is necessary to draw and drain confined water, accompanied by a certain amount of pulverized coal production, and the scaling characteristics are different from those of conventional natural gas wells. The scaling of coalbed gas well gathering and transportation system in CNPC is serious. Based on Xinzhou block, the scaling mechanism and influencing factors of coalbed gas well gathering and transportation system are analyzed in this paper. On the basis of a large number of water quality and scale samples in the block, the paper analyzes the scaling mechanism of coalbed gas well gathering and transportation system. A new cleaning and scale inhibitor was developed to solve the scaling problem of gathering and transportation system. Through the analysis of geological conditions, water treatment process and other factors in Xinzhou block of CNPC, the potential factors that may cause scaling are found out, and the current situation of scaling is analyzed. The scaling distribution law was systematically combed in order to lay the foundation for the development of a clean scale inhibitor. In accordance with the "Oil and Gas Field Water Analysis method", 156 wells were tested for water quality. The water treatment station in Xinzhou block was taken as the research object. For each water treatment station and its water, it is proved that the major scaling factors in the produced liquid of this block are Ca 2 + mg 2 O 2 Sr 2 + Ba 2 C 032H CO 3- and so 4 2, and the possible scaling types are calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate, barium carbonate, etc. And the main scale is calcium carbonate scale. 3) A systematic investigation is carried out on the scaling situation of the current gathering and transportation system, and the representative pipeline scale sample is selected. The type of scale in Xinzhou block was detected by means of chemical titration and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Thirteen kinds of anti-scaling agents with little environmental impact were selected to evaluate the scale inhibition rate of single agent. Combined with the synergetic theory, the combination of PBTCAA HPAA and PESAA / MA / AA was finally determined. By evaluating the anti-scaling performance of the compound scale inhibitor, two excellent cleaning and scale inhibitor formulations were obtained, and the two cleaning and scale inhibitors were evaluated synthetically. Finally, a formula with excellent anti-scaling performance under various influence factors was determined, and a specially made pulverized coal suspension was added to the formula, A new type of clean scale inhibitor for coalbed gas well gathering and transportation system was developed. Appropriate dosing equipment was selected, water treatment process was reformed, and field test scheme was established. According to the experimental scheme, the field experiment of No. 1 water treatment station is carried out. Through the experiment, the new cleaning and scale inhibitor developed by us has achieved a very good application effect, and solved the problem of scaling in the gathering and transportation system of coalbed gas well. The environmental protection of the new cleaning and scale inhibitor is also confirmed by the test of water quality discharge index.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE863

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