FLNG液化工艺的关键技术

发布时间：2018-07-09 12:14

本文选题：FLNG + 天然气液化　；参考：《油气储运》2017年02期

【摘要】：FLNG(LNG Floating Production Storage and Offloading Unit)液化工艺的关键技术包括液化工艺的选择、晃荡条件下工艺及关键设备的适应性,其对装置的投资、运行稳定性及安全产生很大的影响。根据海上工艺设计标准,对不同液化流程进行比选,分别建造氮膨胀和混合制冷剂两套液化实验装置,并开展晃荡实验,验证工艺及关键设备的海上适应性,实验结果表明:晃荡工况下,丙烷预冷双氮膨胀工艺和双混合制冷剂工艺的液化和处理能力均能保持较高水平,前者适用于处理量小且海况恶劣的海域,后者适用于处理量大且海况平稳的海域;壳侧降膜流动的不稳定性是导致绕管式换热器适应性较板翅式换热器低的主要因素;倾斜和横摇会在较大程度上降低填料塔内液体分布均匀性及传质性能;共振周期直接影响薄膜型液舱的装满度,横摇会提高气液两相分离过程的平衡程度;晃荡对膨胀机工作性能无影响。
[Abstract]:The key technologies of LNG Floating production Storage and offloading Unit include the selection of liquefaction process, the adaptability of the process and key equipment under sloshing conditions, which have a great impact on the investment, operation stability and safety of the plant. According to the standards of offshore process design, the different liquefaction processes are compared and selected. Two sets of liquefaction experimental devices, nitrogen expansion and mixed refrigerant, are constructed, and sloshing experiments are carried out to verify the adaptability of the process and key equipment at sea. The experimental results show that the liquefaction and treatment capacity of propane precooled diazo expansion process and double mixed refrigerant process can be maintained at a high level under sloshing conditions. The former is suitable for the sea area with small treatment capacity and bad sea conditions. The latter is suitable for the sea area with large handling capacity and stable sea conditions, and the instability of the falling film flow on the shell side is the main factor leading to the lower adaptability of the tubular heat exchanger than that of the plate-fin heat exchanger. Tilting and rolling can reduce the uniformity of liquid distribution and mass transfer in the packed column to a large extent, the resonance cycle directly affects the filling degree of the membrane tank, and roll can improve the equilibrium of gas-liquid two-phase separation process. Sloshing has no effect on the working performance of expander.
【作者单位】：中国石油大学(华东)储运与建筑工程学院/山东省油气储运安全省级重点实验室;
【基金】：国家科技重大专项“FLNG/FLPG液化工艺关键技术研究”,2011ZX05026-006-07 国家863课题“海上天然气液化储存关键技术研究”,2013AA09A216 国家自然基金项目“海上混合制冷剂天然气液化过程分离与换热特性研究”,51504278 山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目“绕管式换热器在海上天然气液化装置中换热性能及工艺影响研究”,BS2014ZZ009 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“LNG产业链HAZOP定量安全分析方法研究”,16CX02003A
【分类号】：TE646

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