全球深水油气勘探40年大发现及未来勘探前景

发布时间：2018-07-17 15:30

【摘要】：深水勘探自1975年至今已发展40余年,其勘探发现历程总体可划分为起步阶段(1975—1984年)、早期阶段(1985—1995年)和快速发展阶段(1996年至今)。目前深水区已成为全球油气勘探的热点和油气增储上产的重要领域之一。40年来全球深水油气大发现主要沿"三竖两横"五大深水盆地群分布:(1)大西洋深水盆地群的石油重大发现主要集中在南段的巴西、西非和墨西哥湾,天然气主要在北部的挪威西海岸;(2)东非陆缘深水盆地群则在鲁武马盆地、坦桑尼亚盆地等发现一批巨型天然气田;(3)西太平洋深水盆地群油气大发现主要集中在中国南海和东南亚海域;(4)新特提斯深水盆地群总体富气,天然气重大发现主要集中在澳大利亚西北陆架和东地中海;(5)环北极深水盆地群目前仅在巴伦支海获深水油气大发现。全球深水石油资源主要集中在大西洋中、南段;天然气资源分布相对广泛,主要在大西洋深水盆地群北段、东非深水盆地群、新特提斯深水盆地群、环北极深水盆地群。未来全球深水盆地勘探存在"两老四新"六大领域,"两老"领域为大西洋深水盆地群和东西走向的新特提斯构造域深水富气盆地群,二者勘探程度相对较高,但潜力仍然很大;"四新"领域包括盐下和超深水区等深层新领域,以及环北极深水盆地群和滨西太平洋深水盆地群,新领域将是今后深水油气勘探的主要领域。
[Abstract]:Deepwater exploration has been developed for more than 40 years since 1975. Its exploration and discovery process can be divided into three stages: initial stage (1975-1984), early stage (1985-1995) and rapid development stage (1996-present). At present, deep water area has become a hot spot of global oil and gas exploration and one of the important fields of increasing oil and gas reservoir and production. In the past 40 years, the discovery of deep water oil and gas in the world is mainly distributed along the "three vertical two horizontal" five deep water basin groups: (1) Atlantic deep water basin group Most of the major oil discoveries were in Brazil, in the southern part of the country. In West Africa and the Gulf of Mexico, natural gas is mainly on the western coast of Norway in the north; (2) the deep-water basin group in the eastern African margin is in the Luwuma basin, A number of giant natural gas fields have been discovered in Tanzania Basin and so on; (3) the discovery of oil and gas in the western Pacific deep water basin group is mainly concentrated in the South China Sea and Southeast Asia; (4) the total rich gas in the New Tethys Deepwater Basin Group, The major discoveries of natural gas are mainly in the northwest shelf of Australia and the eastern Mediterranean. (5) the deep-water basin group in the circumpolar Arctic is only found in the Barents Sea. The global deepwater oil resources are mainly concentrated in the middle and south of the Atlantic Ocean, and the natural gas resources are relatively widely distributed, mainly in the northern part of the Atlantic deep-water basin group, the East African deep-water basin group, the neo-Tethys deep-water basin group and the circumpolar deep-water basin group. In the future, there are six fields of "two old and four new" in the exploration of deep water basins in the world. The "two old" fields are the deep water basin group of Atlantic Ocean and the new Tethys tectonic basin group of east-west strike. The exploration degree of these two fields is relatively high. But the potential is still very great, and the "Sixin" field includes the deep field, such as the subsalt and ultra-deep water areas, as well as the deep water basin group around the Arctic and the deep-water basin group in the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, and the new field will be the main field of deepwater oil and gas exploration in the future.
【作者单位】：中海油研究总院;西北大学地质学系;
【基金】：国家科技重大专项(编号:2008ZX05025;2011ZX05025;2016ZX05026) 国家重点基础研究发展规划(“973”)项目(编号:2009CB219400) 国土资源部全国油气资源战略选区调查评价项目(编号:XQ2004-05) 南海北部陆坡深水海域油气资源战略调查及评价项目(编号:XQ2007-05)联合资助
【分类号】：P618.13

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