挡板式泡沫发生器内部流动规律研究
发布时间：2018-07-17 15:23
【摘要】：随着我国油田开发进入中后期,地层出砂问题严重。地层中的砂粒容易被携带进井筒,砂粒会造成管线以及设备的摩擦,导致寿命减短。还有一部分砂粒会不断沉积在管线底部,久而久之形成砂床,轻则降低了产出液流动性,大大影响油井产量,重则甚至堵塞井眼造成油井停产等工程问题。由于地层出砂现象越来越严重,水平井冲砂洗井技术显得尤为重要。泡沫发生器是冲砂洗井的重要设备,本文对挡板式泡沫发生器内部流动规律进行研究,其结构简单,安装维护方便,气、液两相由同一入口泵送进入,挡板阻挡可以改变气液流动方向,增加气液碰撞、挤压的物理过程,提高了发泡效率,因此在现场实际中得到广泛应用。本文利用计算流体动力学计算流体动力学仿真模拟方法,运用SolidWorks软件建立挡板式泡沫发生器结构模型,采用FLUENT软件模拟内部流场流动规律,分析挡板倾斜角度对于泡沫发生器内部气相体积分布影响,优化挡板式泡沫发生器的结构。文章还研究了入口气液比等参数对挡板式泡沫发生器内部流场的影响。数值模拟结果得出,随着挡板角度增大,挡板的扰动作用越强,在挡板后形成的涡流就越大,其消耗气液混合相动能越大,混合相流速降低,气流两相可较早达到平衡状态而阻止因界面张力较高发生气泡破裂。因而挡板倾角越大,泡沫发生器混合腔内的气泡含量越高,发泡效果越好。随着入口气相体积含量增大,泡沫发生器内气液两相流的速度场分布由差变好再变差,入口气相体积含量过小或者过大,都较难形成稳定的泡沫流。本文将Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV)测试技术应用在挡板式泡沫发生器内部流动规律研究中,PIV技术可以清晰地观测到内部流体的流动及泡沫的产生情况,具有准确性、可靠性等优点。基于挡板式泡沫发生器内部流动规律的分析,建立了发生器物理模型,研究液相流速以及气相进口压力对于其流动规律的影响。对比数值模拟结果与PIV实验结果,结论基本吻合,本文所用方法对挡板式泡沫发生器气液两相流的研究具有可行性,研究成果可有效地为现场冲砂洗井技术提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:With the development of oil fields in our country, the problem of formation sand production is serious. Sand particles in formation are easy to be carried into wellbore, which will cause friction of pipeline and equipment and shorten life. Some sand grains will be deposited at the bottom of the pipeline, and sand beds will be formed over time, which will reduce the fluidity of the production fluid, greatly affect the production rate of the well, and even block the well hole to cause the oil well to stop production and other engineering problems. Due to the formation sand production phenomenon more and more serious, horizontal well sand washing technology is particularly important. Foam generator is an important equipment for sand washing well. In this paper, the internal flow law of baffle foam generator is studied. Its structure is simple, installation and maintenance are convenient, gas and liquid are pumped in from the same entrance. The baffle block can change the direction of gas-liquid flow, increase the physical process of gas-liquid collision and extrusion, and improve the foaming efficiency, so it is widely used in the field. In this paper, the structure model of baffle foam generator is established by SolidWorks software, and the flow law of internal flow field is simulated by fluent software. The influence of inclined angle of baffle on gas phase volume distribution in foam generator is analyzed and the structure of baffle foam generator is optimized. The influence of inlet gas-liquid ratio on the flow field of baffle foam generator is also studied. The numerical simulation results show that with the increase of the angle of the baffle, the stronger the disturbance of the baffle is, the greater the eddy current is formed behind the baffle, and the larger the kinetic energy of the gas-liquid mixed phase is consumed, the lower the velocity of the mixed phase is. The gas flow two-phase can reach the equilibrium state earlier and prevent the bubble rupture due to the higher interfacial tension. Therefore, the bigger the dip angle of baffle is, the higher the bubble content in the mixing chamber of foam generator is, and the better the foaming effect is. With the increase of inlet gas volume content, the velocity field distribution of gas-liquid two-phase flow in foam generator becomes better and worse, and the inlet gas phase volume content is too small or too large, it is difficult to form stable foam flow. In this paper, the Particle Image velocimetry (PIV) technique is applied to the study of the internal flow law of the baffle foam generator. The PIV technique can clearly observe the internal fluid flow and the formation of the foam, and has the advantages of accuracy and reliability. Based on the analysis of the internal flow law of the baffle foam generator, the physical model of the generator is established to study the effect of the liquid flow rate and the inlet pressure of the gas phase on the flow law. The results of numerical simulation are in good agreement with those of PIV experiment. The method used in this paper is feasible for the study of gas-liquid two-phase flow in a baffle foam generator. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the field scouring and sand washing technology.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE935
，
本文编号：2130086
[Abstract]:With the development of oil fields in our country, the problem of formation sand production is serious. Sand particles in formation are easy to be carried into wellbore, which will cause friction of pipeline and equipment and shorten life. Some sand grains will be deposited at the bottom of the pipeline, and sand beds will be formed over time, which will reduce the fluidity of the production fluid, greatly affect the production rate of the well, and even block the well hole to cause the oil well to stop production and other engineering problems. Due to the formation sand production phenomenon more and more serious, horizontal well sand washing technology is particularly important. Foam generator is an important equipment for sand washing well. In this paper, the internal flow law of baffle foam generator is studied. Its structure is simple, installation and maintenance are convenient, gas and liquid are pumped in from the same entrance. The baffle block can change the direction of gas-liquid flow, increase the physical process of gas-liquid collision and extrusion, and improve the foaming efficiency, so it is widely used in the field. In this paper, the structure model of baffle foam generator is established by SolidWorks software, and the flow law of internal flow field is simulated by fluent software. The influence of inclined angle of baffle on gas phase volume distribution in foam generator is analyzed and the structure of baffle foam generator is optimized. The influence of inlet gas-liquid ratio on the flow field of baffle foam generator is also studied. The numerical simulation results show that with the increase of the angle of the baffle, the stronger the disturbance of the baffle is, the greater the eddy current is formed behind the baffle, and the larger the kinetic energy of the gas-liquid mixed phase is consumed, the lower the velocity of the mixed phase is. The gas flow two-phase can reach the equilibrium state earlier and prevent the bubble rupture due to the higher interfacial tension. Therefore, the bigger the dip angle of baffle is, the higher the bubble content in the mixing chamber of foam generator is, and the better the foaming effect is. With the increase of inlet gas volume content, the velocity field distribution of gas-liquid two-phase flow in foam generator becomes better and worse, and the inlet gas phase volume content is too small or too large, it is difficult to form stable foam flow. In this paper, the Particle Image velocimetry (PIV) technique is applied to the study of the internal flow law of the baffle foam generator. The PIV technique can clearly observe the internal fluid flow and the formation of the foam, and has the advantages of accuracy and reliability. Based on the analysis of the internal flow law of the baffle foam generator, the physical model of the generator is established to study the effect of the liquid flow rate and the inlet pressure of the gas phase on the flow law. The results of numerical simulation are in good agreement with those of PIV experiment. The method used in this paper is feasible for the study of gas-liquid two-phase flow in a baffle foam generator. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the field scouring and sand washing technology.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE935
，
本文编号：2130086
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