微藻油脂原料制备与乙醇亚临界流体萃取藻油方法研究
发布时间：2018-08-10 07:34
【摘要】：生物柴油作为当前国际上快速发展的可再生能源,具有氮、硫含量低,燃烧污染小的特点。在地球上分布广泛的微藻,油脂含量高、增殖速度快、能量转化效率高,可作为生物柴油的重要生产原料。然而由于生产成本过高,微藻生物柴油目前仍然处于初步发展阶段。本研究从解决现有生物柴油原料油脂产量低,常见的微藻生物油制取方法产率低、能耗大的的角度出发,对微藻油脂原料制备、生物油制取过程中所遇到的问题进行研究。首先,对微藻原料制备过程中的影响因素——碳源、氮源、磷源、光照等条件进行优化,制备了干生物量约为2.1 g/L、油脂含量约为22%、油脂产量约为0.41 g/L的微藻原料。采用电混凝法对微藻原料进行采收。并研究了超声、冻融、酸热等破碎方法对微藻油脂原料破碎处理效果的影响在获得较高油脂产量的微藻原料的基础上进行微藻生物油制取,通过单因素实验与正交试验优化亚临界流体法湿法生物油制取条件,得到的最佳搭配条件为:乙醇作为溶剂,正己烷作为助溶剂,溶剂助溶剂体积比为6:1,反应温度为240℃,停留时间为30 min,物料比为1:30。在该条件下的微藻生物油产率为72.6%。对获得的微藻生物油进行性质分析,该生物油燃烧性能好、清洁环保、与柴油成分相似,具有良好的应用价值。对干、湿法微藻生物油制取方法进行可行性分析,发现亚临界流体湿法微藻生物油制取方法产率高、能耗低,具有良好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Biodiesel, as a rapidly developing renewable energy in the world, has the characteristics of low nitrogen and sulfur content and low combustion pollution. Microalgae, which are widely distributed on the earth, have high oil content, high speed of proliferation and high efficiency of energy conversion, so they can be used as important raw materials for biodiesel production. However, due to the high production cost, microalgae biodiesel is still in the initial stage of development. From the point of view of low oil production of biodiesel feedstock, low yield of microalgae bio-oil and high energy consumption, the problems encountered in the preparation of microalgae oil and bio-oil were studied. Firstly, the factors affecting the preparation of microalgae were optimized, such as carbon source, nitrogen source, phosphorus source and light. The dry biomass of microalgae was about 2.1 g / L, the oil content was about 22%, and the oil yield was about 0.41 g / L. Microalgae were harvested by electric coagulation method. The effects of ultrasonic, freezing and thawing, acid heat and other crushing methods on the processing effect of microalgae oil raw material were studied. The microalgae bio-oil was prepared on the basis of obtaining the microalgae raw material with higher oil yield. By single factor experiment and orthogonal test, the optimum conditions for the preparation of subcritical fluid wet bio-oil were obtained: ethanol as solvent, n-hexane as cosolvent, volume ratio of solvent cosolvent 6: 1, reaction temperature 240 鈩，
本文编号：2175398
[Abstract]:Biodiesel, as a rapidly developing renewable energy in the world, has the characteristics of low nitrogen and sulfur content and low combustion pollution. Microalgae, which are widely distributed on the earth, have high oil content, high speed of proliferation and high efficiency of energy conversion, so they can be used as important raw materials for biodiesel production. However, due to the high production cost, microalgae biodiesel is still in the initial stage of development. From the point of view of low oil production of biodiesel feedstock, low yield of microalgae bio-oil and high energy consumption, the problems encountered in the preparation of microalgae oil and bio-oil were studied. Firstly, the factors affecting the preparation of microalgae were optimized, such as carbon source, nitrogen source, phosphorus source and light. The dry biomass of microalgae was about 2.1 g / L, the oil content was about 22%, and the oil yield was about 0.41 g / L. Microalgae were harvested by electric coagulation method. The effects of ultrasonic, freezing and thawing, acid heat and other crushing methods on the processing effect of microalgae oil raw material were studied. The microalgae bio-oil was prepared on the basis of obtaining the microalgae raw material with higher oil yield. By single factor experiment and orthogonal test, the optimum conditions for the preparation of subcritical fluid wet bio-oil were obtained: ethanol as solvent, n-hexane as cosolvent, volume ratio of solvent cosolvent 6: 1, reaction temperature 240 鈩，
本文编号：2175398
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/shiyounenyuanlunwen/2175398.html
