中国页岩气的储层类型及其制约因素

发布时间：2018-08-28 17:43

【摘要】：页岩气是重要的非常规天然气能源。按页岩气储层的沉积环境将页岩分为海相、海陆过渡相和陆相页岩3种类型,由此总结了中国海相、海陆过渡相和陆相富有机质页岩的地层、分布及储层特征。海相页岩单层厚度大、分布范围大,空间连续性好;海陆过渡相地层中页岩具有单层薄、累积厚度大、频繁互层的特征;陆相页岩在平面上规模相对小、展布受到河湖相的控制。不同沉积相页岩在气体成分、赋存状态、气体成因等方面具有一定的共性,但由于页岩气储层的沉积环境不同,海相、海陆过渡相和陆相页岩在厚度、分布和岩性组合特征等方面又有较大差别。对比中美主要产气页岩储层的制约因素,结果表明,有机质丰度、有机质演化程度、有机质类型等因素制约着页岩的生烃;矿物的比例及结构、有机质的演化程度、有机质类型、孔隙及裂隙结构、页岩气赋存及运移条件、埋藏深度和有效厚度等因素影响页岩气富集成藏。
[Abstract]:Shale gas is an important unconventional natural gas energy source. According to the sedimentary environment of shale gas reservoir, shale can be divided into marine facies, sea-land transitional facies and continental shale. The formation, distribution and reservoir characteristics of China marine facies, sea-land transitional facies and continental facies rich in organic matter shale are summarized. Marine shale has the characteristics of large thickness, large distribution range and good spatial continuity, and shale has the characteristics of monolayer thickness, large accumulative thickness and frequent interbedded layers, and the scale of continental shale is relatively small on the plane. The distribution is controlled by the river and lake facies. Shale of different sedimentary facies has certain commonness in gas composition, occurrence state and gas genesis, but because of the different sedimentary environment of shale gas reservoir, the thickness of marine facies, marine transitional facies and continental shale is different. There are great differences in distribution and lithologic assemblage characteristics. The results show that the abundance of organic matter, the evolution degree of organic matter and the type of organic matter restrict the hydrocarbon generation of shale, the proportion and structure of minerals, the evolution degree of organic matter, and so on. The types of organic matter, pore and fissure structure, occurrence and migration conditions of shale gas, burial depth and effective thickness affect shale gas accumulation.
【作者单位】：中国科学院计算地球动力学重点实验室;中国科学院大学地球科学学院;中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院;
【分类号】：P618.13

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