基于生物力学仿真的修井机操作舱舒适度研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 18:36

【摘要】：修井机司钻工作业时间长、负荷大,注意力高度集中,若司钻工在不舒适的姿势下工作,容易引发早期疲劳,不但影响工作效率还会增大误操作率,长时间处于此种不良工作姿态下,还可能加大某些职业病的患病几率,带来不可恢复的身体伤害。而操作舱人机布置在很大程度上决定了司钻工作业姿态的舒适性,为了延缓司钻作业早期疲劳的出现,提高工作效率,降低职业病发病概率,本文从生物力学角度出发,提出了一种基于生物力学仿真的修井机操作舱舒适度评价方法,其主要研究内容如下:(1)分析目前主流的几种不舒适度评价模型,结合司钻现场作业分析修井机操作舱的人机布置需求,提出了基于肌肉激活度的修井机操作舱不舒适度评价方法。(2)通过AnyBody Modeling System(AMS)软件建立修井机操作舱人机交互仿真模型,并设置仿真模型的边界条件与运动学参数,研究修井机操作舱布置参数与人体不舒适度的对应关系,以主要布置参数(刹把铰接位置、座椅高度)为自变量,建立了其人体各部位局部不舒适度评价模型;然后,运用相关分析法建立了人体各部位局部不舒适度与人体全身不舒适度关系模型,通过关系迭代构建了人体全身不舒适度的评价模型。(3)基于修井机操作舱模拟实验平台,以P50百分位人群为被试对象进行相关实验,运用灰色关联投影法处理实验数据,并与基于肌肉激活度的不舒适度评价模型的计算结果进行对比分析,其结果初步验证了修井机操作舱不舒适度评价模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:The workover rig has long working time, heavy load and high concentration of attention. If the driller works in an uncomfortable position, it will easily lead to early fatigue, which will not only affect the working efficiency but also increase the misoperation rate. Prolonged exposure to such bad work posture may also increase the risk of certain occupational diseases and lead to unrecoverable physical injury. In order to delay the emergence of early fatigue, improve working efficiency and reduce the probability of occupational disease, this paper starts from the biomechanical point of view. In this paper, a biomechanical simulation method for evaluating the comfort of workover rig operating cabin is proposed. The main research contents are as follows: (1) analyzing several popular evaluation models of uncomfortableness, According to the requirement of man-machine arrangement of workover machine operating cabin, the evaluation method of workover machine operating cabin uncomfortableness based on muscle activation degree is put forward. (2) the man-machine interactive simulation model of workover machine operation cabin is established by AnyBody Modeling System (AMS) software. The boundary conditions and kinematics parameters of the simulation model are set up to study the relationship between the layout parameters of the workover rig operating cabin and the uncomfortableness of the human body. The main layout parameters (brake hinge position, seat height) are taken as independent variables. The evaluation model of local uncomforts in different parts of human body was established, and then the relationship model between local uncomforts and general uncomforts of human body was established by using the correlation analysis method. The evaluation model of human body uncomfortableness was constructed by relation iteration. (3) based on the simulation experiment platform of workover machine operation cabin, the related experiments were carried out with the P50 percentile population as the subjects, and the experimental data were processed by grey correlation projection method. The results are compared with the results of the evaluation model based on muscle activation degree, and the results show that the evaluation model of operating cabin uncomfortableness of workover machine is effective.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE935

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