井—地DERT与IP联合探测接收系统关键技术及方法研究
发布时间：2018-09-14 20:50
【摘要】：随着社会的不断发展以及人类生活水平的不断提高，天然气和石油的消耗也日益加剧，国内大量油田已经进入石油开采的后期，石油的年产量已经无法满足生活需求，提高石油采收率已经迫在眉睫。注水驱油和水力压裂是我国提高石油采收率的重要手段，水驱前沿和裂缝方向的监测是评价注水及水力压裂的重要指标。电法勘探为注水或压裂裂缝方位探测的重要手段之一，但是复杂地质构造及深部油田异常体的探测，给电法勘探带来了极大考验。DERT（DifferentialElectricalResistanceTomography）是一种人工激励源直流电阻率方法，该方法具有探测深度大，对电阻率异常分辨强的特点。IP（InducedPolarization）主要以地下水溶液中带电离子或金属矿为物质基础，进行极化率异常探测的一种电法勘探技术，该方法对极化率异常反应比较明显。本文利用DERT对电阻率异常敏感和IP对激发极化异常探测效果明显的优点，将同时通过IP测量获得的视极化率异常和通过DERT方法测量获得的视差分电阻率异常进行数据融合，从而得到更强的地下异常信息。 本文首先研究了DERT与IP的探测理论，通过数值模拟，分别仿真计算了DERT与IP对电阻率异常和极化率异常的探测效果，进而研究了DERT与IP联合探测的理论及数值模拟计算。通过分析不同地质构造情况下联合探测效果，证明了采用数据联合探测的优越性。在此理论背景下研究了联合探测系统的一些关键技术，，并研制了基于虚拟仪器技术的低噪声、高分辨率多通道井-地DERT与IP数联合探测系统。通过设计多通道智能电极转换装置，实现了大范围数据采集。上层软件采用MATLAB、LabVIEW联合编程技术，实现了微弱信号预处理、参数的提取以及探测结果的实时成像。为了提高信号的抗干扰能力，同时还研究了基于L序列伪随机信号的油田注水或压裂裂缝系统检测方法。最后利用本文研制的多通道井-地联合接收系统进行了大量的对比实验，通过野外实际测试，表明了井-地电法联合探测系统在油田注水或压裂裂缝探测中具有更好的探测效果，解决了低电阻率储层和深井注水或压裂情况下探测困难及方法单一的不确定性问题。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of society and the continuous improvement of human living standards, the consumption of natural gas and oil is also increasing day by day. A large number of oil fields in China have entered the late stage of oil production, and the annual oil production has been unable to meet the needs of life. It is urgent to improve oil recovery. Water flooding and hydraulic fracturing are important means to improve oil recovery in China. The monitoring of water drive front and fracture direction is an important index to evaluate water injection and hydraulic fracturing. Electrical exploration is one of the important means to detect the orientation of water injection or fracturing fracture. However, the detection of complex geological structures and abnormal bodies in deep oil fields brings a great test to electrical exploration. DERT (DifferentialElectricalResistanceTomography) is a method of DC resistivity of artificial excitation source. This method has the characteristics of high detection depth and strong resolution of resistivity anomalies. IP (InducedPolarization) is mainly based on charged ions or metal ores in underground aqueous solution to detect abnormal polarizability. The reaction of this method to the polarization anomaly is obvious. In this paper, using the advantages of DERT sensitivity to resistivity anomaly and the obvious effect of IP on detecting induced polarization anomaly, the apparent polarizability anomaly obtained by IP measurement and the apparent differential resistivity anomaly measured by DERT method are fused in this paper. Thus, stronger underground abnormal information can be obtained. In this paper, the detection theory of DERT and IP is studied, and the detection effects of DERT and IP on resistivity anomaly and polarizability anomaly are simulated by numerical simulation, and the theory and numerical simulation of DERT and IP joint detection are studied. By analyzing the effect of joint detection under different geological structures, the superiority of using data joint detection is proved. In this background, some key technologies of the joint detection system are studied, and a low noise, high resolution multi-channel DERT and IP number joint detection system based on virtual instrument technology is developed. Through the design of multi-channel intelligent electrode conversion device, a wide range of data acquisition is realized. The upper software uses MATLAB,LabVIEW programming technology to realize weak signal preprocessing, parameter extraction and real-time imaging of detection results. In order to improve the anti-interference ability of the signal, the detection method of oil field waterflooding or fracturing fracture system based on L sequence pseudo-random signal is also studied. Finally, a large number of comparative experiments are carried out using the multi-channel well ground combined receiving system developed in this paper, and the field tests are carried out. The results show that the system has better detection effect in oil field water injection or fracturing fracture detection, and solves the problem of difficult detection and single uncertainty in low resistivity reservoir and deep well injection or fracturing.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357
本文编号：2243833
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of society and the continuous improvement of human living standards, the consumption of natural gas and oil is also increasing day by day. A large number of oil fields in China have entered the late stage of oil production, and the annual oil production has been unable to meet the needs of life. It is urgent to improve oil recovery. Water flooding and hydraulic fracturing are important means to improve oil recovery in China. The monitoring of water drive front and fracture direction is an important index to evaluate water injection and hydraulic fracturing. Electrical exploration is one of the important means to detect the orientation of water injection or fracturing fracture. However, the detection of complex geological structures and abnormal bodies in deep oil fields brings a great test to electrical exploration. DERT (DifferentialElectricalResistanceTomography) is a method of DC resistivity of artificial excitation source. This method has the characteristics of high detection depth and strong resolution of resistivity anomalies. IP (InducedPolarization) is mainly based on charged ions or metal ores in underground aqueous solution to detect abnormal polarizability. The reaction of this method to the polarization anomaly is obvious. In this paper, using the advantages of DERT sensitivity to resistivity anomaly and the obvious effect of IP on detecting induced polarization anomaly, the apparent polarizability anomaly obtained by IP measurement and the apparent differential resistivity anomaly measured by DERT method are fused in this paper. Thus, stronger underground abnormal information can be obtained. In this paper, the detection theory of DERT and IP is studied, and the detection effects of DERT and IP on resistivity anomaly and polarizability anomaly are simulated by numerical simulation, and the theory and numerical simulation of DERT and IP joint detection are studied. By analyzing the effect of joint detection under different geological structures, the superiority of using data joint detection is proved. In this background, some key technologies of the joint detection system are studied, and a low noise, high resolution multi-channel DERT and IP number joint detection system based on virtual instrument technology is developed. Through the design of multi-channel intelligent electrode conversion device, a wide range of data acquisition is realized. The upper software uses MATLAB,LabVIEW programming technology to realize weak signal preprocessing, parameter extraction and real-time imaging of detection results. In order to improve the anti-interference ability of the signal, the detection method of oil field waterflooding or fracturing fracture system based on L sequence pseudo-random signal is also studied. Finally, a large number of comparative experiments are carried out using the multi-channel well ground combined receiving system developed in this paper, and the field tests are carried out. The results show that the system has better detection effect in oil field water injection or fracturing fracture detection, and solves the problem of difficult detection and single uncertainty in low resistivity reservoir and deep well injection or fracturing.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357
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