高强度低密度陶粒压裂支撑剂的研究
发布时间：2018-09-19 08:58
【摘要】：水力压裂技术作为石油天然气行业一种有效增产措施,已成为关我国能源发展亟待解决的重要技术之一,而支撑剂是其成功应用于油气开采的关键因素。性能优异的支撑剂不仅能提高油气井的产量还能延长油气井的使用寿命,因此研制出高质量的支撑剂具有非常重要的现实意义。目前关于高强度压裂支撑剂的研究多以优质铝矾土(铝含量大于75%)为原料,对低铝含量铝土矿的利用有限。为扩大较低铝含量铝土矿的应用范围,生产出高附加值产品,本文以铝含量67.48%的铝矾土(属于二级铝矾土CLK-65,GB/T 24483-2009)为主要原料,掺杂一定量的锰矿粉,制备出了符合工业生产的耐高压陶粒支撑剂;此外,为降低密度,制备出符合非常规低渗透油气藏水力压裂要求的支撑剂,本文先以二级铝矾土和钾长石为原料,掺杂一定量的白云石,制备出了刚玉-莫来石质低密度高强度陶粒支撑剂。又选用高岭石质煤矸石为原料,V_2O_5为添加剂,研究了添加剂对支撑剂性能的影响,并在此基础上制备出了莫来石晶须增强型低密度陶粒支撑剂。研究结果表明:(1)以二级铝矾土为主要原料制备陶粒压裂支撑剂,烧结温度较高,当煅烧温度为1500℃时,破碎率才能降到9%以下。因此单独以铝矾土生料很难在较低温度下(小于1400℃)烧制出破碎等级为7.5K级(52MPa闭合压力下破碎率小于9%)的支撑剂。(2)锰矿粉的掺杂可以降低铝矾土基陶粒支撑剂的烧结温度,也能提高试样的体积密度,改善样品的强度。当锰矿粉掺杂量为3wt%时制备出性能最佳的陶粒支撑剂样品:1350~1450℃烧制出的陶粒支撑剂样品的破碎等级都达到7.5K级;1400℃烧成的样品52 MPa闭合压力下破碎率最低,为3.7%。(3)对铝土矿生料进行轻烧预处理可以改善陶粒支撑剂样品的性能。当铝矾土生料与轻烧铝矾土比例为1:4时,烧制出性能最优的陶粒支撑剂样品。1300~1500℃温度范围内破碎等级达到7.5K,与铝矾土生料制备的陶粒支撑剂样品相比(1350~1500℃),烧结范围变宽,不仅降低燃料花费,而且工业生产过程也容易控制。(4)钾长石的加入可以降低对原料中铝含量的要求,支撑剂样品的密度也随之降低;适量的白云石的加入能在基体中形成较多的刚玉相和莫来石相,提高了强度;当白云石添加量为2wt%,烧成温度为1340℃时,试样的性能最佳:体积密度1.31 g/cm3,视密度2.62 g/cm3,破碎率4.20%。(5)以高岭石质煤矸石为主要原料,掺杂V_2O_5,于1400℃下烧制出莫来石晶须增强的陶粒支撑剂;随着V_2O_5的加入,支撑剂样品的主晶相莫来石逐渐生长形成莫来石晶须;当V_2O_5添加量为1wt%时,试样的性能最佳:体积密度1.25 g/cm3,视密度2.69 g/cm3,52MPa闭合压力下的破碎率5.18%。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic fracturing technology, as an effective measure to increase production in petroleum and natural gas industry, has become one of the most important technologies for energy development in China, and proppant is the key factor for its successful application in oil and gas production. The proppant with excellent performance can not only increase the production of oil and gas wells but also prolong the service life of oil and gas wells, so it is of great practical significance to develop high quality proppant. At present, the research of high strength fracturing proppant is mostly based on high quality bauxite (aluminum content is more than 75%), and the utilization of low aluminum content bauxite is limited. In order to expand the scope of application of bauxite with lower aluminum content and produce high value-added products, bauxite with 67.48% Al content (belonging to CLK-65,GB/T 24483-2009) was used as the main raw material, and a certain amount of manganese ore powder was doped. In addition, in order to reduce the density and prepare the proppant to meet the requirements of hydraulic fracturing in unconventional low permeability reservoirs, the second order bauxite and potassium feldspar are used as raw materials. Corundum-mullite low density and high strength ceramsite proppant was prepared by doping a certain amount of dolomite. Using kaolinite gangue as raw material V _ 2O _ 5 as additive, the effect of additive on the properties of proppant was studied, and on this basis, mullite whisker enhanced low-density ceramsite proppant was prepared. The results show that: (1) with bauxite as the main raw material, when the sintering temperature is high, the breaking rate of ceramic fracturing proppant can be reduced to less than 9% when the calcination temperature is 1500 鈩，
本文编号：2249661
[Abstract]:Hydraulic fracturing technology, as an effective measure to increase production in petroleum and natural gas industry, has become one of the most important technologies for energy development in China, and proppant is the key factor for its successful application in oil and gas production. The proppant with excellent performance can not only increase the production of oil and gas wells but also prolong the service life of oil and gas wells, so it is of great practical significance to develop high quality proppant. At present, the research of high strength fracturing proppant is mostly based on high quality bauxite (aluminum content is more than 75%), and the utilization of low aluminum content bauxite is limited. In order to expand the scope of application of bauxite with lower aluminum content and produce high value-added products, bauxite with 67.48% Al content (belonging to CLK-65,GB/T 24483-2009) was used as the main raw material, and a certain amount of manganese ore powder was doped. In addition, in order to reduce the density and prepare the proppant to meet the requirements of hydraulic fracturing in unconventional low permeability reservoirs, the second order bauxite and potassium feldspar are used as raw materials. Corundum-mullite low density and high strength ceramsite proppant was prepared by doping a certain amount of dolomite. Using kaolinite gangue as raw material V _ 2O _ 5 as additive, the effect of additive on the properties of proppant was studied, and on this basis, mullite whisker enhanced low-density ceramsite proppant was prepared. The results show that: (1) with bauxite as the main raw material, when the sintering temperature is high, the breaking rate of ceramic fracturing proppant can be reduced to less than 9% when the calcination temperature is 1500 鈩，
本文编号：2249661
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