生物柴油和石化柴油喷雾特性研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 11:39

【摘要】：燃油的喷雾特性对改善内燃机的燃烧特性和排放特性起着至关重要的作用。随着近些年石油储备的逐渐消耗,寻找清洁代用燃料,缓解能源危机、促进经济的可持续发展和改善环境,已被许多学者所重视。影响喷雾特性的主要有喷射压力、燃油密度、燃油粘度、环境背压、喷孔直径、环境温度等。本文主要研究喷射压力在80MPa和160MPa,环境背压在0.1MPa、1MPa和2MPa条件下对喷雾宏观特性的喷雾贯穿距离、喷雾锥角和喷雾投影面积等相关参数的影响。本文以地沟油制取的生物柴油和石化柴油为研究对象,在定容弹内,采用Mie散射技术对生物柴油和石化柴油的喷雾特性进行图像采集。利用MATLAB软件编程对喷雾图像进行处理,用Photoshop进行测量,并对结果进行分析对比。试验结果表明:生物柴油的喷雾贯穿距离、喷雾顶端速度、喷雾投影面积和SMD大于石化柴油,喷雾锥角小于石化柴油。随着喷射持续时间的延长,喷雾贯穿距离、喷雾投影面积和喷雾体积随之增大,喷雾顶端速度随之减小,喷雾锥角先增大后减小。随着喷射压力的增大,喷雾贯穿距离、喷雾顶端速度、喷雾投影面积和喷雾体积随之增大,SMD随之减小,喷雾锥角变化不明显。随着环境背压的升高,喷雾锥角和SMD随之增大,喷雾贯穿距离、喷雾顶端速度和喷雾投影面积随之减小。
[Abstract]:The spray characteristics of fuel play an important role in improving combustion and emission characteristics of internal combustion engines. With the gradual consumption of petroleum reserves in recent years, many scholars have attached importance to the search for clean alternative fuels, the alleviation of the energy crisis, the promotion of sustainable economic development and the improvement of the environment. Spray characteristics are mainly affected by injection pressure, fuel density, fuel viscosity, environmental back pressure, nozzle diameter, ambient temperature, etc. In this paper, the effects of injection pressure on spray penetration distance, spray cone angle and spray projection area at 80MPa and 160 MPA, environment back pressure at 0.1 MPA and 2MPa are studied. In this paper, biodiesel and petrochemical diesel produced from gutter oil are taken as the research object. In the constant volume bomb, the spray characteristics of biodiesel and petrochemical diesel are collected by Mie scattering technique. The spray image was processed by MATLAB software and measured by Photoshop, and the results were analyzed and compared. The experimental results show that the spray penetration distance, spray top velocity, spray projection area and SMD of biodiesel are larger than those of petrochemical diesel, and the spray cone angle is smaller than that of petrochemical diesel. With the extension of the spray duration, the spray penetration distance, spray projection area and spray volume increase, the spray top velocity decreases, and the spray cone angle increases first and then decreases. With the increase of injection pressure, the spray penetration distance, spray top velocity, spray projection area and spray volume increase and the SMD decreases, but the spray cone angle does not change obviously. With the increase of ambient back pressure, the spray cone angle and SMD increase, the spray penetration distance, the spray top velocity and the spray projection area decrease.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE626.24;TE667

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