表面活性剂对原油的乳化及其对提高采收率的影响
发布时间:2018-09-19 16:07
【摘要】:乳化是表面活性剂驱提高采收率的重要机理之一,近年来越来越受到重视,本文以濮城油田西区沙二上2+3区块油藏为例,研究表面活性剂乳化性能及其对提高采收率的影响。筛选出油藏适用的两种表面活性剂YD-1、SHY-1,其降低界面张力能力、抗吸附性能、改变润湿性性能相近,但乳化性能相差很大,YD-1乳化力远高于SHY-1,在低乳化强度条件下YD-1与原油更容易乳化,在高乳化强度条件下YD-1形成的乳状液更稳定,SHY-1形成的乳状液很快析水,乳状液稳定性差,YD-1的乳化性能优于SHY-1;两种表面活性剂在低浓度下就具有良好的洗油能力,其中YD-1的洗油能力更强;开展油与表面活性剂溶液同注实验,通过实验过程中的压力变化及采出液的形态来判断油、表面活性剂溶液在特定流速下能否通过多孔介质剪切形成乳状液,将发生乳化的最低流速定义为乳化临界流速,YD-1与油的乳化临界流速为0.25 mL/min,而SHY-1与油在1mL/min的流速下不能发生乳化;YD-1溶液与油以0.5 m L/min的速度同时注入多孔介质,经剪切可以形成乳状液,形成的乳状液具有一定的封堵和调剖性能。在均质条件下随着注入量增加,油水比增大,目标地层渗透率降低,乳状液的封堵性能变强,当注入量为0.5 PV,油相体积分数在10%以上,目标地层渗透率在1μm2以下时,乳状液可以形成良好的封堵,使注入压力显著提高;非均质条件下,注入量越大,目标地层的渗透率级差越小,乳状液的调剖效果越好,注入量0.5 PV时,乳状液对渗透率级差2左右的地层调剖效果良好,而当渗透率级差达到5时几乎没有调剖效果;驱油实验发现乳化性能好的YD-1能与油形成乳状液,通过乳化捕集作用及叠加的贾敏效应提高注入压力,起到流度控制作用,大大提高驱油剂的波及系数,提高采收率,无论在均质和非均质条件下,YD-1驱的采收率均比降低界面张力能力相近、乳化性能差的SHY-1驱采收率高5%。
[Abstract]:Emulsification is one of the important mechanisms of surfactant flooding to improve oil recovery. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the emulsification performance of surfactant and its influence on oil recovery. Two kinds of surfactants, YD-1,SHY-1, which are suitable for oil reservoir, can reduce the interfacial tension, resist adsorption and change the wettability. However, the emulsifying power of YD-1 is much higher than that of YD-1 and crude oil under low emulsification strength of SHY-1,. The emulsion formed by YD-1 is more stable than that of SHY-1 in high emulsification strength, and the emulsion formed by SHY-1 can precipitate water quickly, but the emulsifying ability of YD-1 is much higher than that of YD-1 and crude oil under low emulsification strength. The emulsion stability of YD-1 is better than that of SHY-1; at low concentration, among which YD-1 has better oil washing ability, and the experiment of oil injection with surfactant solution is carried out, and the emulsifying ability of YD-1 is better than that of SHY-1; at low concentration, and the emulsifying ability of YD-1 is better than that of YD-1 at low concentration. According to the change of pressure and the morphology of the produced liquid during the experiment, whether the surfactant solution can be shearing through porous media to form emulsion at a specific flow rate can be judged. The lowest flow rate of emulsification is defined as the critical emulsification velocity of YD-1 and the critical flow rate of emulsification of oil is 0.25 mL/min, while that of SHY-1 and oil cannot be injected into porous media simultaneously at the rate of 0.5 m L/min for emulsified YD-1 solution and oil. The emulsion can be formed by shear, and the emulsion has certain plugging and profile control properties. Under homogeneous conditions, with the increase of injection amount, the oil / water ratio increases, the permeability of target formation decreases, and the plugging performance of emulsion becomes stronger. When the injection amount of 0.5 PV, oil phase volume fraction is more than 10%, the target formation permeability is below 1 渭 m ~ 2. The emulsion can form a good plugging and increase the injection pressure significantly, the larger the injection amount, the smaller the permeability difference of the target formation, and the better the profile control effect of the emulsion is, when the injection amount is 0.5 PV, The emulsion has good effect on profile control of formation with permeability difference of about 2, but almost has no profile control effect when permeability difference reaches 5. The oil displacement experiment found that YD-1 with good emulsification property can form emulsion with oil. The injection pressure is increased by emulsifying and trapping and the superposition of Jamin effect, the mobility is controlled, the sweep coefficient of the oil displacement agent is greatly increased, and the oil recovery is improved. The oil recovery of YD-1 flooding under homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions is similar to that of reducing interfacial tension, and the oil recovery of SHY-1 flooding with poor emulsification performance is 5% higher than that of SHY-1 flooding with poor emulsification performance.
【学位授予单位】:中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TE357.46
本文编号:2250631
[Abstract]:Emulsification is one of the important mechanisms of surfactant flooding to improve oil recovery. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the emulsification performance of surfactant and its influence on oil recovery. Two kinds of surfactants, YD-1,SHY-1, which are suitable for oil reservoir, can reduce the interfacial tension, resist adsorption and change the wettability. However, the emulsifying power of YD-1 is much higher than that of YD-1 and crude oil under low emulsification strength of SHY-1,. The emulsion formed by YD-1 is more stable than that of SHY-1 in high emulsification strength, and the emulsion formed by SHY-1 can precipitate water quickly, but the emulsifying ability of YD-1 is much higher than that of YD-1 and crude oil under low emulsification strength. The emulsion stability of YD-1 is better than that of SHY-1; at low concentration, among which YD-1 has better oil washing ability, and the experiment of oil injection with surfactant solution is carried out, and the emulsifying ability of YD-1 is better than that of SHY-1; at low concentration, and the emulsifying ability of YD-1 is better than that of YD-1 at low concentration. According to the change of pressure and the morphology of the produced liquid during the experiment, whether the surfactant solution can be shearing through porous media to form emulsion at a specific flow rate can be judged. The lowest flow rate of emulsification is defined as the critical emulsification velocity of YD-1 and the critical flow rate of emulsification of oil is 0.25 mL/min, while that of SHY-1 and oil cannot be injected into porous media simultaneously at the rate of 0.5 m L/min for emulsified YD-1 solution and oil. The emulsion can be formed by shear, and the emulsion has certain plugging and profile control properties. Under homogeneous conditions, with the increase of injection amount, the oil / water ratio increases, the permeability of target formation decreases, and the plugging performance of emulsion becomes stronger. When the injection amount of 0.5 PV, oil phase volume fraction is more than 10%, the target formation permeability is below 1 渭 m ~ 2. The emulsion can form a good plugging and increase the injection pressure significantly, the larger the injection amount, the smaller the permeability difference of the target formation, and the better the profile control effect of the emulsion is, when the injection amount is 0.5 PV, The emulsion has good effect on profile control of formation with permeability difference of about 2, but almost has no profile control effect when permeability difference reaches 5. The oil displacement experiment found that YD-1 with good emulsification property can form emulsion with oil. The injection pressure is increased by emulsifying and trapping and the superposition of Jamin effect, the mobility is controlled, the sweep coefficient of the oil displacement agent is greatly increased, and the oil recovery is improved. The oil recovery of YD-1 flooding under homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions is similar to that of reducing interfacial tension, and the oil recovery of SHY-1 flooding with poor emulsification performance is 5% higher than that of SHY-1 flooding with poor emulsification performance.
【学位授予单位】:中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TE357.46
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