防气抽油泵结构优化及性能研究
发布时间：2018-09-19 16:25
【摘要】：在油田开采过程中,抽油泵发挥着重要作用。在高含气井中抽油泵会产生气锁,防气抽油泵被广泛使用。本文通过研究防气抽油泵的防气锁原理,解决气锁和减轻振动,为生产应用提出科学建议,这对于油田开发中提高采收率,实现泵效提高,具有重要的现实意义。本文首先以普通抽油泵为研究对象,探索一种研究气液两相流在抽油泵内流动特性的全周期动态数值模拟方法,然后利用该方法研究防气抽油泵内气液两相流的流动规律。本文运用理论计算、数值模拟和试验研究的方法,内容主要围绕防气抽油泵模型的建立、边界条件的设置、模拟参数的选择、模拟结果分析以及试验数据对比几个方面进行。主要研究的是:1.建立一种研究气液两相流在抽油泵内流动特性的全周期动态数值模拟方法,此方法可模拟出气液两相流在抽油泵运动过程中泵筒内的压力变化、含气率变化、流量变化。利用模拟结果可计算出泵阀开启时间、冲程损失和泵效。2.运用上述数值模拟方法对影响抽油泵泵效的因素进行研究,分析各因素对抽油泵泵效的影响规律。数值模拟和理论分析结果具有一致性,证实该动态模拟方法对于研究抽油泵的正确性。3.利用上述模拟方法分析防气抽油泵的防气锁原理,即通过在上冲程后期柱塞拔出泵筒使泵筒内压力迅速达到油管内压力相同,这样在下冲程时游动阀能迅速打开。同时油管下方的高含水介质进入泵筒有利于下一周期中固定阀及时开启。但在上冲程末端泵筒内压力存在压力突变,造成抽油杆柱冲击振动较大。4.运用数值模拟方法对防气抽油泵的结构参数进行优化。为了减轻振动,在柱塞上开导压孔,使拔出过程中泵筒内压力缓慢上升。并对优化前后的防气抽油泵进行了试验,可知防气抽油泵具有较好的防气锁功能,但不能减少气体进入抽油泵内。因此防气抽油泵在实际使用时需要与气液分离装置一起使用。本文的创新之处在于:(1)建立了一种气液两相流在抽油泵内流动特性的全周期动态数值模拟方法。(2)利用该动态数值模拟方法对防气抽油泵进行模拟,得出了防气抽油泵的防气锁原理。
[Abstract]:The pumping pump plays an important role in the process of oilfield production. Gas lock will be produced in high gas-bearing wells, and gas-proof pump is widely used. In this paper, the principle of gas lock prevention of gas pump is studied to solve gas lock and reduce vibration, and scientific suggestions for production and application are put forward, which is of great practical significance for improving oil recovery and improving pump efficiency in oilfield development. In this paper, a whole period dynamic numerical simulation method of gas-liquid two-phase flow in oil pump is explored, and then the flow law of gas-liquid two-phase flow in anti-gas pump is studied by using this method. In this paper, the methods of theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and experimental research are used, which mainly focus on the establishment of gas-proof pumping pump model, the setting of boundary conditions, the selection of simulation parameters, the analysis of simulation results and the comparison of test data. The main subject of study is 1: 1. A full period dynamic numerical simulation method for studying the flow characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow in a pumping pump is established. This method can simulate the change of pressure, gas holdup and flow rate of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the pump barrel during the pump movement. By using the simulation results, the opening time, stroke loss and pump efficiency of the pump valve can be calculated. The factors influencing the pump efficiency are studied by using the numerical simulation method, and the influence law of each factor on the pump efficiency is analyzed. The results of numerical simulation and theoretical analysis are consistent, and it is proved that the dynamic simulation method is correct for the study of pumping pump. By using the above simulation method, the principle of anti-gas lock of anti-gas pumping pump is analyzed, that is, by pulling out the pump cylinder at the end of the upper stroke, the pressure inside the pump can reach the same pressure in the tubing quickly, so that the swimming valve can be opened quickly when the stroke is down. At the same time, the high water-bearing medium under the tubing enters the pump cylinder to facilitate the opening of the fixed valve in the next cycle. However, there is a sudden pressure change in the pump cylinder at the end of the stroke, which causes the shock vibration of the sucker rod string to be larger. 4. The structural parameters of gas-proof pump are optimized by numerical simulation method. In order to reduce vibration, the guide hole is opened on the plunger, which makes the pressure rise slowly during pullout. The experimental results show that the gas-proof pump has better anti-gas locking function, but it can not reduce the gas entering into the pump. Therefore, the gas-proof sucker pump needs to be used with the gas-liquid separator in practice. The innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) a full-period dynamic numerical simulation method of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the pumping pump is established. (2) the gas-proof pumping pump is simulated by the dynamic numerical simulation method. The principle of gas lock of gas-proof pump is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE933.3
本文编号：2250679
[Abstract]:The pumping pump plays an important role in the process of oilfield production. Gas lock will be produced in high gas-bearing wells, and gas-proof pump is widely used. In this paper, the principle of gas lock prevention of gas pump is studied to solve gas lock and reduce vibration, and scientific suggestions for production and application are put forward, which is of great practical significance for improving oil recovery and improving pump efficiency in oilfield development. In this paper, a whole period dynamic numerical simulation method of gas-liquid two-phase flow in oil pump is explored, and then the flow law of gas-liquid two-phase flow in anti-gas pump is studied by using this method. In this paper, the methods of theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and experimental research are used, which mainly focus on the establishment of gas-proof pumping pump model, the setting of boundary conditions, the selection of simulation parameters, the analysis of simulation results and the comparison of test data. The main subject of study is 1: 1. A full period dynamic numerical simulation method for studying the flow characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow in a pumping pump is established. This method can simulate the change of pressure, gas holdup and flow rate of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the pump barrel during the pump movement. By using the simulation results, the opening time, stroke loss and pump efficiency of the pump valve can be calculated. The factors influencing the pump efficiency are studied by using the numerical simulation method, and the influence law of each factor on the pump efficiency is analyzed. The results of numerical simulation and theoretical analysis are consistent, and it is proved that the dynamic simulation method is correct for the study of pumping pump. By using the above simulation method, the principle of anti-gas lock of anti-gas pumping pump is analyzed, that is, by pulling out the pump cylinder at the end of the upper stroke, the pressure inside the pump can reach the same pressure in the tubing quickly, so that the swimming valve can be opened quickly when the stroke is down. At the same time, the high water-bearing medium under the tubing enters the pump cylinder to facilitate the opening of the fixed valve in the next cycle. However, there is a sudden pressure change in the pump cylinder at the end of the stroke, which causes the shock vibration of the sucker rod string to be larger. 4. The structural parameters of gas-proof pump are optimized by numerical simulation method. In order to reduce vibration, the guide hole is opened on the plunger, which makes the pressure rise slowly during pullout. The experimental results show that the gas-proof pump has better anti-gas locking function, but it can not reduce the gas entering into the pump. Therefore, the gas-proof sucker pump needs to be used with the gas-liquid separator in practice. The innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) a full-period dynamic numerical simulation method of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the pumping pump is established. (2) the gas-proof pumping pump is simulated by the dynamic numerical simulation method. The principle of gas lock of gas-proof pump is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE933.3
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