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塔河4区碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏注气方案研究

发布时间:2018-10-08 19:20
【摘要】:与国内外其它地区碳酸盐岩油藏的类型不同,塔河奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏非均质性极强,流动规律复杂,有渗流,管流、过渡流等多种流动规律。该油藏开发历程显示递减率较大、采收率较低。经过多年的研究经验积累和多个科研项目的攻关突破,西北油田分公司已形成了针对单井单元的注水替油和多井单元的注水开发技术,有效地减缓了油藏递减,提高了采收率。但随着注水开发的深入,目前所采取的注水方案逐渐失效,为此西北油田分公司开展了单井注气提高采收率现场试验,试验初步显示注气效果显著。通过调研发现,虽然注气的定性机理明确,但由于地质情况的复杂、三维地质模型的可靠性低、注气开发的各项参数指标不明确,导致缺少详细的注气方案。为此本论文围绕两大相关问题进行研究,其一为地质模型的完善,其二为改善的地质模型基础之上的注采参数优化及注气方案设计研究。 本文以塔河4区作为研究背景,依据现场选井原则,优选两口具有明显构造特征的单井单元作为研究对象,通过两口井现场试验过程中的静动态资料,分析评价注气开发过程中的影响因素,并以此作为注气方案设计的基础,之后利用三维地质建模及数值模拟一体化技术,从机理层面分析验证注气开发的可行性,通过各类注采参数的优选对比来完善最终的注气方案设计。 本文基于等效单重介质模型,提出一种虚拟溶洞段测井曲线的赋值方法并采用一种特殊溶洞渗透率场建立方法完善了溶洞渗透率模型的建立难题,完善了两口单井的地质模型,使完善的地质模型更加接近于储层实际状况,为数值模拟提供了可靠基础。针对增加储量动用程度的目标,本文聚焦于储层高部位“阁楼油”而提出注气开发方式,在明确注气机理的基础上,采用数值模拟的方法顺序优选了注气时机、注气量、注采比、焖井时间、开井工作制度等注采参数,设计了各类优选方案共18组,初步形成了塔河4区碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏注气技术政策,这对于塔河缝洞型油藏注气开发具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Different from other carbonate reservoir types at home and abroad, Tahe Ordovician carbonate reservoir has strong heterogeneity, complex flow law, seepage flow, pipe flow and transition flow. The development history of this reservoir shows that the decline rate is large and the oil recovery is low. After many years' accumulation of research experience and breakthrough of many scientific research projects, Northwest Oilfield Branch Company has formed water injection development technology for single well unit and multi-well unit, which can effectively slow down reservoir decline and improve oil recovery. However, with the development of water injection, the water injection scheme adopted at present gradually failed. For this reason, a single well gas injection enhanced oil recovery field test was carried out in the branch of Northwest Oilfield, and the preliminary results showed that the effect of gas injection was remarkable. It is found that although the qualitative mechanism of gas injection is clear, the reliability of 3D geological model is low and the parameters of gas injection development are not clear, which leads to the lack of detailed gas injection scheme. Therefore, this paper focuses on two related issues, one is the perfection of geological model, the other is the optimization of injection-production parameters and the design of gas injection scheme based on the improved geological model. In this paper, based on the field selection principle, two single well units with obvious structural characteristics are chosen as the research object, and the static and dynamic data of the two wells during the field test are selected as the research background. This paper analyzes and evaluates the influencing factors in the process of gas injection development, and takes this as the basis of gas injection scheme design. Then, the feasibility of gas injection development is verified from the mechanism level by using the integrated technology of 3D geological modeling and numerical simulation. The final gas injection scheme design is improved through the optimal selection and comparison of various injection and production parameters. Based on the equivalent single medium model, this paper presents a method to assign the log curves of virtual caverns, and uses a method to establish a special permeability field to perfect the problem of establishing the permeability model of the cavern and perfect the geological model of two single wells. The perfect geological model is closer to the actual reservoir condition and provides a reliable basis for numerical simulation. In view of the goal of increasing the degree of reserve production, this paper focuses on the "loft oil" in the high position of reservoir and puts forward the gas injection development mode. On the basis of clear gas injection mechanism, the gas injection timing and gas injection volume are selected sequentially by numerical simulation method. Injection-production ratio, braising time, working system of open well and other injection-production parameters are designed in 18 groups, and the gas injection technology policy of carbonate fracture-cavity reservoir in Tahe area 4 is preliminarily formed. This has certain reference significance for gas injection development of Tahe fractured and cavernous reservoir.
【学位授予单位】:西南石油大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TE357.7

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