典型煤制油技术全生命周期评估的对比与分析

发布时间：2018-10-09 12:35

【摘要】：中国能源结构特殊,煤炭资源丰富,总量居世界第二,相比之下石油、天然气储量十分匮乏。中国经济发展迅速,对石油需求量年年增高,国内石油不能完全满足我国对石油的需求,因此石油的进口率逐年升高,对我国能源结构的稳定造成了严重影响,对能源供给安全形成了隐患。煤制油技术能将丰富的煤炭资源转换为我国急需的成品油,对我国能源安全能源保障有益。本文针对现有的两种主要的煤制油技术：直接液化技术和间接液化技术,运用生命周期分析的方法,分别建立了108吨／年煤直接制油工厂以及400吨／年煤间接制油工厂的生命周期评价模型。综合评估了两种技术路线在能量利用效率,环境影响和经济性三个方面的表现。并且对原料生产地制油以及产品消费地制油两种情况做出对比分析。通过生命周期研究分析,最终得出结论：相比采用煤间接制油技术的工厂,采用煤直接制油技术的工厂每生产一吨油排放的CO2较少、成本较低、综合能效较高。因此煤直接制油技术相比与煤间接制油技术在CO2减排,能效以及经济性3方面都具有一定的优势。
[Abstract]:China has a special energy structure, rich in coal resources, the world's second largest total, by contrast, oil and natural gas reserves are very scarce. China's economy is developing rapidly, the demand for oil is increasing year by year, and domestic oil cannot fully meet the demand for oil in China. Therefore, the import rate of oil has increased year by year, which has seriously affected the stability of China's energy structure. The security of energy supply has become a hidden danger. The coal production technology can transform the abundant coal resources into the needed finished oil in our country, which is beneficial to the energy security and energy security of our country. In this paper, the life cycle analysis method is applied to the two main coal oil production technologies: direct liquefaction and indirect liquefaction. The life cycle evaluation models of 108 t / a direct coal production plant and 400 t / a indirect coal production plant were established respectively. The energy utilization efficiency, environmental impact and economic performance of the two technical routes were comprehensively evaluated. And to raw material production oil and product consumption oil making two kinds of situation makes the contrast analysis. Through the life cycle research and analysis, it is concluded that: compared with the plants using indirect coal oil production technology, the plant using direct coal oil production technology has less CO2 per ton of oil production, lower cost and higher comprehensive energy efficiency. Therefore, direct coal oil production technology has some advantages over coal indirect oil production technology in CO2 emission reduction, energy efficiency and economy.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ536;TE66

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