滨南稠油降粘剂合成与性能研究
发布时间：2018-10-13 07:22
【摘要】：我国稠油资源储量相对丰富,因此,对稠油资源的开采问题显得尤为重要。由于稠油密度大、粘度大,流动性差,导致其运输和开采问题都较常规原油困难。因此,开发出一种降粘效果优异的化学降粘剂具有重要意义。本论文根据水溶性降粘剂的降粘机理,首先以N,N-二甲基丙二胺和不同碳链长度的脂肪酸为原料,经过酰胺化反应制备得到两种叔胺中间体,叔胺中间体分别与3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠和氯乙酸钠经过季铵化反应合成了四种甜菜碱型乳化降粘剂。并利用红外、核磁对产物进行了表征分析确定了产物的结构。实验首先对合成的四种降粘剂进行了初步的性能研究,筛选出了可应用于滨南稠油降粘的乳化剂样品。对所选乳化剂进行耐温性能、抗盐性能、乳化降粘性能及缓蚀性能等方面的考察。结果表明:适用于滨南稠油的最佳降粘剂是油酸酰胺羟丙基磺基甜菜碱(OASB),在其加量为1000 ppm时,降粘率达99.2%,乳液性能稳定。有较好的抗盐性,尤其具有较好的抗钙镁离子的能力,在220?C处理24 h后降粘率基本不变,说明OASB有良好的耐温性能。50?C保温24 h在矿化度为93820 mg/L地层水中对N80钢片的缓蚀率为66.7%,说明乳化剂OASB有一定的缓蚀效果。滨南郑家区块稠油是典型的高沥青质胶质超稠油,对市售多种降粘剂的感受性普遍较差。在参考国内外相关文献的基础上,我们借助降粘剂的各个组分之间的协同性和互补性,制备了一种针对高胶质沥青质超稠油降粘的高效油溶性降粘剂YZ-31。实验考察了降粘剂YZ-31加量、温度等因素对其降粘效果的影响。结果表明:在50?C,5 wt%的加剂量下对郑家区块三种实验超稠油样品的降粘率都在95%以上,且对胶质、沥青质含量高的稠油降粘效果较明显;将降粘剂YZ-31与多种商品降粘剂的降粘效果做了对比,结果表明:在相同实验条件下,降粘剂YZ-31对三种实验超稠油的降粘效果均远远好于商品样降粘剂;研究了降粘剂降粘效果的稳定性和降粘剂对温度的敏感性,发现YZ-31降粘效果的稳定性好,在较高的温度下仍具有较高的降粘率,在90?C时对三种油样的绝对降粘率都在80%以上,符合了现场实际应用的要求。实验考察了YZ-31的普适性,发现YZ-31对不同油藏多口油井的稠油都有很好的降粘效果,降粘率都在95%以上,具有良好的广谱性。
[Abstract]:Heavy oil reserves are relatively abundant in China, so it is very important to exploit heavy oil resources. Because of the high density, high viscosity and poor fluidity of heavy oil, the transportation and recovery of heavy oil are more difficult than that of conventional crude oil. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a chemical viscosity reducer with excellent viscosity reduction effect. Based on the viscosity reduction mechanism of water soluble viscosity reducer, two tertiary amine intermediates were prepared by amidation reaction from N- dimethylpropylenediamine and fatty acids of different carbon chain lengths. Four betaine emulsified viscosity reducers were synthesized by quaternary ammonium reaction of tertiary amine intermediate with sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropylsulfonate and sodium chloroacetate respectively. The structure of the product was determined by IR and NMR. The properties of four kinds of viscosity reducers were studied and the emulsifier samples which could be applied to the viscosity reduction of Binnan heavy oil were selected. The temperature resistance, salt resistance, viscosity reduction and corrosion inhibition of the emulsifier were investigated. The results show that the best viscosity reducer for Binnan heavy oil is oleic acid amide hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine (OASB), when the dosage is 1000 ppm, the viscosity reduction rate reaches 99.2 and the emulsion performance is stable. It has good salt resistance, especially the ability of resisting calcium and magnesium ions, and the viscosity reduction rate is basically unchanged after 24 h treatment at 220 鈩，
本文编号：2267770
[Abstract]:Heavy oil reserves are relatively abundant in China, so it is very important to exploit heavy oil resources. Because of the high density, high viscosity and poor fluidity of heavy oil, the transportation and recovery of heavy oil are more difficult than that of conventional crude oil. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a chemical viscosity reducer with excellent viscosity reduction effect. Based on the viscosity reduction mechanism of water soluble viscosity reducer, two tertiary amine intermediates were prepared by amidation reaction from N- dimethylpropylenediamine and fatty acids of different carbon chain lengths. Four betaine emulsified viscosity reducers were synthesized by quaternary ammonium reaction of tertiary amine intermediate with sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropylsulfonate and sodium chloroacetate respectively. The structure of the product was determined by IR and NMR. The properties of four kinds of viscosity reducers were studied and the emulsifier samples which could be applied to the viscosity reduction of Binnan heavy oil were selected. The temperature resistance, salt resistance, viscosity reduction and corrosion inhibition of the emulsifier were investigated. The results show that the best viscosity reducer for Binnan heavy oil is oleic acid amide hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine (OASB), when the dosage is 1000 ppm, the viscosity reduction rate reaches 99.2 and the emulsion performance is stable. It has good salt resistance, especially the ability of resisting calcium and magnesium ions, and the viscosity reduction rate is basically unchanged after 24 h treatment at 220 鈩，
本文编号：2267770
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