富油微藻的培养及其原位生物柴油的制备
发布时间：2018-11-04 15:13
【摘要】：随着社会的发展,化石能源的消耗增多、环境污染问题日益严重,发展可再生能源产业是目前获得新型能源的重要途径。微藻因其具有高效的光合作用、较短的生长周期、较高的细胞油脂含量和很强的环境适应能力等优点,是目前最具发展前景的可再生生物质能源之一。本文的主要研究内容与结果如下:(1)研究了蛋白核小球藻在两种不同环境以及不同浓度葡萄糖培养基中的生长情况。研究结果表明在没有添加其它营养物质时模拟微重力环境下的微藻长势更好,最大生物量可达到1.58×108~(-1)×mlcell,而普通环境下的最大生物量为0.58×108~(-1)×mlcell。两种培养环境下培养基中葡萄糖浓度为10~(-1)×Lg时,微藻长势最好,可获得微藻最高生物产量。葡萄糖作为异养培养的碳源,对于蛋白核小球藻的当培养基中添加了葡萄糖后,藻细胞的生长周期明显缩短。普通环境下藻细胞密度在培养3天后就达到了在纯培养基培养12天的浓度,普通环境下微藻达到了最高藻细胞密度4.85×108~(-1)×mlcell。而模拟微重力环境下生长的微藻3天后就达到了普通环境下5天以后才能达到的浓度,模拟微重力环境下微藻达到了最高藻细胞密度5.42×108~(-1)×mlcell。(2)研究了蛋白核小球藻在两种不同环境以及不同浓度尿素培养基中的生长情况。研究结果表明两种培养环境下培养基中尿素浓度为0.0025~(-1)×Lmol时,微藻长势最好,可获得微藻最高生物产量。当尿素作为培养基中的氮源时,蛋白核小球藻在微重力环境下的生长速度较快。当培养基中尿素浓度为0.0025~(-1)×Lmol时,模拟微重力环境下微藻达到了最高藻细胞密度8.96×107~(-1)×mlcell。普通环境下微藻达到了最高藻细胞密度6.5×107~(-1)×mlcell。(3)研究了蛋白核小球藻在两种生长环境下的耐苯酚能力和苯酚降解能力以及对其驯化后的耐苯酚能力和苯酚降解能力的变化。研究结果表明培养基中苯酚浓度1200-×(27)Lmg,可促进蛋白核小球藻生长。普通环境下,培养基中苯酚浓度1300-×(29)Lmg,会抑制蛋白核小球藻的生长,且最大酚致死量为600~(-1)×Lmg。驯化后的蛋白核小球藻耐苯酚能力有显著的提高,普通环境下驯化后的蛋白核小球藻最大酚致死量可提高到800~(-1)×Lmg,模拟微重力环境下驯化后的蛋白核小球藻最大酚致死量可提高达1000~(-1)×Lmg。(4)研究了以蛋白核小球藻藻粉和甲醇为原料,在浓硫酸作催化剂的条件下原位萃取-酯交换法制备生物柴油的工艺。考察了不同工艺条件对产率的影响。其适宜的反应条件为:用水量和藻粉质量比为1:1,反应温度为65℃,催化剂用量为藻粉质量的3%,甲醇用量和藻粉质量比为8:1,酯交换反应在8 h内完成。结果表明:以干藻粉质量为基准微藻粗生物柴油收率可达到16.0%,由高效液相色谱分析得知微藻粗生物柴油中生物柴油含量为43.5%,以干藻粉质量为基准微藻生物柴油总收率为6.96%。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the consumption of fossil energy increases and the problem of environmental pollution becomes more and more serious. The development of renewable energy industry is an important way to obtain new energy at present. Microalgae is one of the most promising renewable biomass energy because of its high photosynthesis, short growth cycle, high cell fat content and strong environmental adaptability. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) the growth of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella in two different environments and glucose medium with different concentrations was studied. The results show that the growth of microalgae in simulated microgravity environment is better when other nutrients are not added, and the maximum biomass can reach 1.58 脳 108 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell, and 0.58 脳 108 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. in normal environment. When glucose concentration was 10 ~ (-1) 脳 Lg in two culture environments, microalgae had the best growth, and the highest bioyield of microalgae could be obtained. Glucose is the carbon source of heterotrophic culture. When glucose is added to the culture medium of Chlorella Proteinuca, the growth cycle of algal cells is shortened obviously. The cell density of algae reached the concentration of 12 days in pure culture medium after 3 days of culture, and the highest cell density of microalgae was 4.85 脳 108 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. in normal environment. And the microalgae that grow in the simulated microgravity environment reach the same concentration after three days as in the normal environment after five days. In simulated microgravity environment, microalgae reached the highest cell density of 5.42 脳 108-1 脳 mlcell. (2). The growth of Chlorella Proteinuca in two different environments and different concentrations of urea was studied. The results showed that when urea concentration was 0.0025 ~ (-1) 脳 Lmol in two culture environments, microalgae had the best growth and the highest bioyield could be obtained. When urea was used as nitrogen source in medium, the growth rate of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was faster in microgravity environment. When the concentration of urea in medium was 0.0025 ~ (-1) 脳 Lmol, the maximum cell density of microalgae was 8.96 脳 107 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. in simulated microgravity environment. Microalgae reached the highest cell density of 6.5 脳 107 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. (3) in normal environment. The phenol-tolerance and phenol degradation ability of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella were studied in two growth environments, as well as the phenol tolerance after acclimation. The change of ability and degradation ability of phenol. The results showed that phenol concentration of 1200- 脳 (27) Lmg, could promote the growth of Chlorella Proteinucosa. In normal environment, the concentration of phenol 1300- 脳 (29) Lmg, inhibited the growth of Chlorella Proteus, and the maximum lethal dose of phenol was 600-1 脳 Lmg.. After acclimation, the phenol tolerance of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was significantly improved, and the maximum phenolic lethal dose of acclimated Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was increased to 800-1 脳 Lmg, under normal environment. After acclimation under simulated microgravity, the maximum phenol lethal dose of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was increased to 1000 ~ (-1) 脳 Lmg. (4) by using Chlorella Proteinuca powder and methanol as raw materials. Preparation of biodiesel by in situ extraction-transesterification with concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst. The effect of different process conditions on yield was investigated. The optimum reaction conditions are as follows: the ratio of water consumption to algae powder is 1: 1, the reaction temperature is 65 鈩，
本文编号：2310223
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the consumption of fossil energy increases and the problem of environmental pollution becomes more and more serious. The development of renewable energy industry is an important way to obtain new energy at present. Microalgae is one of the most promising renewable biomass energy because of its high photosynthesis, short growth cycle, high cell fat content and strong environmental adaptability. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) the growth of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella in two different environments and glucose medium with different concentrations was studied. The results show that the growth of microalgae in simulated microgravity environment is better when other nutrients are not added, and the maximum biomass can reach 1.58 脳 108 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell, and 0.58 脳 108 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. in normal environment. When glucose concentration was 10 ~ (-1) 脳 Lg in two culture environments, microalgae had the best growth, and the highest bioyield of microalgae could be obtained. Glucose is the carbon source of heterotrophic culture. When glucose is added to the culture medium of Chlorella Proteinuca, the growth cycle of algal cells is shortened obviously. The cell density of algae reached the concentration of 12 days in pure culture medium after 3 days of culture, and the highest cell density of microalgae was 4.85 脳 108 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. in normal environment. And the microalgae that grow in the simulated microgravity environment reach the same concentration after three days as in the normal environment after five days. In simulated microgravity environment, microalgae reached the highest cell density of 5.42 脳 108-1 脳 mlcell. (2). The growth of Chlorella Proteinuca in two different environments and different concentrations of urea was studied. The results showed that when urea concentration was 0.0025 ~ (-1) 脳 Lmol in two culture environments, microalgae had the best growth and the highest bioyield could be obtained. When urea was used as nitrogen source in medium, the growth rate of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was faster in microgravity environment. When the concentration of urea in medium was 0.0025 ~ (-1) 脳 Lmol, the maximum cell density of microalgae was 8.96 脳 107 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. in simulated microgravity environment. Microalgae reached the highest cell density of 6.5 脳 107 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. (3) in normal environment. The phenol-tolerance and phenol degradation ability of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella were studied in two growth environments, as well as the phenol tolerance after acclimation. The change of ability and degradation ability of phenol. The results showed that phenol concentration of 1200- 脳 (27) Lmg, could promote the growth of Chlorella Proteinucosa. In normal environment, the concentration of phenol 1300- 脳 (29) Lmg, inhibited the growth of Chlorella Proteus, and the maximum lethal dose of phenol was 600-1 脳 Lmg.. After acclimation, the phenol tolerance of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was significantly improved, and the maximum phenolic lethal dose of acclimated Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was increased to 800-1 脳 Lmg, under normal environment. After acclimation under simulated microgravity, the maximum phenol lethal dose of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was increased to 1000 ~ (-1) 脳 Lmg. (4) by using Chlorella Proteinuca powder and methanol as raw materials. Preparation of biodiesel by in situ extraction-transesterification with concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst. The effect of different process conditions on yield was investigated. The optimum reaction conditions are as follows: the ratio of water consumption to algae powder is 1: 1, the reaction temperature is 65 鈩，
本文编号：2310223
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