粘弹性双子表面活性剂的流变性与压裂性质研究
发布时间：2018-11-26 20:35
【摘要】：双子表面活性剂是由两个亲水基团和两个疏水基在其亲水头基或靠近亲水头基处由联接基团通过化学键连接而成的新型表面活性剂,由于其独特的结构,使其相对于传统表面活性剂具有更为突出的优点,在很多方面有很好的应用前景。许多双子表面活性剂因为具有独特的流变性,在低浓度下形成高粘度的三维网状结构,具有良好的悬砂性能,具备形成粘弹性表面活性剂压裂液的特征。本论文主要从以下几个方面对可用作压裂液的双子表面活性剂体系进行了性质研究:采用表面张力、电导率和荧光光谱等方法考察了C12-4-C12(G12)和C16-4-C16(G16)水溶液的表面活性及胶束化性质。结果表明,G12和G16均具有较高的降低表面张力的效率和能力。分别探讨了温度、盐和醇对G12体系表面活性的影响,温度的改变对其表面活性影响不明显,盐的加入(NaCl、NH4Cl)可显著降低其CMC值(表面活性增强),随着醇(乙醇、正丙醇和正丁醇)的碳原子数增多,对G12的表面活性影响逐步显著。采用流变仪探讨了G16的水溶液的流变行为,G16在浓度较低时便具有较高的粘度,随着质量分数的增加其粘弹性增强。粘温曲线结果显示,当温度高于78℃时G16体系的粘度消失,表明体系的聚集体结构发生变化,转变为球状胶束。动态剪切结果表明在整个角频率测定范围内,G16体系的储能模量大于损耗模量,不符合麦克斯韦方程规律,为水凝胶的典型特征。测定变阶梯剪切速率扫描图,G16的粘度可以完全恢复,说明其具有良好的抗剪切性能。探讨了无机盐、有机盐、聚合物、反离子和表面活性剂对G16水溶液粘度体系的影响,优选出了最佳的两种盐体系,水杨酸钠和氯化钠,并获得了盐、温度等对其流变性能影响的规律。采用单因素法研究盐的添加量确定了8种较优配方,通过进一步筛选确定了最佳配方。通过抗高温、抗剪切性能、破胶实验、吸附实验、降滤失性实验、防膨性能试验和对后续原油脱水的影响,进行一系列性能评价,均取得较好的结果,证明该压裂液配方可以在中低渗油气井使用。
[Abstract]:Gemini surfactants are new surfactants formed by chemical bonding of two hydrophilic groups and two hydrophobic groups at or near the hydrophilic head group, due to their unique structure. It has more outstanding advantages than traditional surfactants, and has a good application prospect in many aspects. Many Gemini surfactants have the characteristics of forming viscoelastic surfactant fracturing fluid due to their unique rheological properties and high viscosity three-dimensional network structure at low concentration. In this paper, the properties of Gemini surfactant system which can be used as fracturing fluid are studied from the following aspects: surface tension, The surface activity and micellization properties of C12-4-C12 (G12) and C16-4-C16 (G16) aqueous solutions were investigated by conductivity and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that both G12 and G16 have high efficiency and ability to reduce surface tension. The effects of temperature, salt and alcohol on the surface activity of G12 system were discussed. The change of temperature had no obvious effect on the surface activity of G12 system. The addition of salt (NaCl,NH4Cl) significantly decreased the CMC value (enhanced surface activity) of G12 system. The number of carbon atoms of n-propanol and n-butanol) increased, and the surface activity of G12 was significantly affected by n-propanol and n-butanol. The rheological behavior of aqueous solution of G16 was studied by rheometer. The viscosity of G16 was higher when the concentration was lower, and the viscoelasticity of G16 increased with the increase of mass fraction. The visco-temperature curves show that the viscosity of G16 system disappears when the temperature is higher than 78 鈩，
本文编号：2359558
[Abstract]:Gemini surfactants are new surfactants formed by chemical bonding of two hydrophilic groups and two hydrophobic groups at or near the hydrophilic head group, due to their unique structure. It has more outstanding advantages than traditional surfactants, and has a good application prospect in many aspects. Many Gemini surfactants have the characteristics of forming viscoelastic surfactant fracturing fluid due to their unique rheological properties and high viscosity three-dimensional network structure at low concentration. In this paper, the properties of Gemini surfactant system which can be used as fracturing fluid are studied from the following aspects: surface tension, The surface activity and micellization properties of C12-4-C12 (G12) and C16-4-C16 (G16) aqueous solutions were investigated by conductivity and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that both G12 and G16 have high efficiency and ability to reduce surface tension. The effects of temperature, salt and alcohol on the surface activity of G12 system were discussed. The change of temperature had no obvious effect on the surface activity of G12 system. The addition of salt (NaCl,NH4Cl) significantly decreased the CMC value (enhanced surface activity) of G12 system. The number of carbon atoms of n-propanol and n-butanol) increased, and the surface activity of G12 was significantly affected by n-propanol and n-butanol. The rheological behavior of aqueous solution of G16 was studied by rheometer. The viscosity of G16 was higher when the concentration was lower, and the viscoelasticity of G16 increased with the increase of mass fraction. The visco-temperature curves show that the viscosity of G16 system disappears when the temperature is higher than 78 鈩，
本文编号：2359558
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