机电复合驱动钻机新型链条并车传动系统的研发

发布时间：2018-12-13 23:06

【摘要】：机电复合驱动钻机在一定程度上即解决了纯机械钻机传动系统结构复杂,传动效率低,安装不便的缺点。而且并车系统中节能发电机的加入,又使此类钻机具有良好的经济性和实用性。但在实际钻井过程中,柴油机调速范围小时,不能满足钻井工艺对泥浆流量变化的要求,频繁更换缸套又会降低钻井效率,增大工人劳动强度;柴油机调速范围过大时,会导致节能发电机的发电频率不满足用电设备的要求,影响电器设备的使用性能。因此,如何解决配置节能发电机后,泥浆泵泵冲的调节和节能发电机正常工作允许输入转速的问题,成为限制此类钻机推广和发展的关键。针对以上问题,对7000米机电复合驱动钻机研发了一种新型链条并车系统。主要研究内容如下:1)设计了新型并车传动系统的传动方案和动力传动轴的结构形式,通过控制并车箱内部的换挡机构,实现了在尽可能不改变缸套尺寸且节能发电正常工作的前提下,通过离合器和换挡拨叉机构多档位调节泥浆泵的泵冲,使泥浆达到不同流量连续输出的目的。2)分析了并车传动系统驱动绞车和泥浆泵时的各种作业工况,对危险工况下的传绞车轴、并车轴和传泵轴的疲劳强度、刚度进行了校核计算;对于轴上的重要零部件及配合等进行了寿命和承载能力计算。3)根据并车箱内部结构特点,并考虑了系统润滑、散热要求以及吊装运输等因素,设计了并车箱的箱体。通过ANSYS Workbench有限元分析软件对并车箱箱体进行了结构优化分析,使得并车箱在满足设计功能要求、刚度和强度的前提下,达到减轻重量,结构合理,方便运输的目的。4)设计了新型并车传动箱的润滑和散热系统。按照实际作业工况,进行润滑和冷却系统的热负荷分析,对润滑油油量进行了计算,并利用双管路实现对润滑油油量的控制,通过在回油流道上设置散热翅片增大散热面积,同时采用外置空气冷却器对润滑油进行冷却降温。
[Abstract]:To a certain extent, the electromechanical compound drive rig solves the disadvantages of complex structure, low transmission efficiency and inconvenient installation of pure mechanical drilling rig. And the addition of energy-saving generator in parallel system makes this kind of drilling rig have good economy and practicability. However, in the actual drilling process, the diesel engine speed adjustment range is small, which can not meet the requirements of drilling technology for mud flow change, frequent replacement of cylinder liner will reduce drilling efficiency and increase the labor intensity of workers. If the speed range of diesel engine is too large, the generation frequency of energy-saving generator will not meet the requirements of electric equipment, which will affect the performance of electrical equipment. Therefore, how to solve the problem that how to regulate the pump impulse of mud pump and allow the input speed of energy-saving generator in normal operation is the key to restrict the popularization and development of this kind of drilling rig. Aiming at the above problems, a new chain parallel system is developed for the 7000 meter electromechanical compound drive rig. The main research contents are as follows: 1) the transmission scheme of the new parallel drive system and the structural form of the power transmission shaft are designed. On the premise of not changing the cylinder liner size as much as possible and saving energy to generate electricity normally, the pump flushing of mud pump can be adjusted by multi-gear mechanism of clutch and shifting fork. The purpose of continuous output of mud with different flow rate is analyzed. 2) all kinds of working conditions when parallel drive system drives winch and mud pump are analyzed, and fatigue strength of transmission winch shaft, axle and pump shaft under dangerous condition are analyzed. The stiffness is checked and calculated. The service life and bearing capacity of the important parts and coordination on the axle are calculated. 3) according to the internal structural characteristics of the carton and taking into account the factors of system lubrication, heat dissipation and hoisting and transportation, the box body of the carton is designed. The structural optimization analysis is carried out through ANSYS Workbench finite element analysis software, which can reduce the weight and make the structure reasonable under the premise of satisfying the design function, rigidity and strength. The purpose of convenient transportation. 4) the lubrication and heat dissipation system of the new parallel transmission box is designed. According to the actual working condition, the heat load analysis of lubrication and cooling system is carried out, the oil quantity of lubricating oil is calculated, and the oil quantity of lubricating oil is controlled by using two pipes. The heat dissipation fin is set up on the return oil channel to increase the area of heat dissipation. At the same time, the external air cooler is used to cool the lubricating oil.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE922

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