K型井架与底座结构强度分析及可靠性评估

发布时间：2018-12-15 18:10

【摘要】：K型井架是使用最广的一种钻机井架类型,其结构强度和可靠性直接影响着整台钻机系统的安全作业。针对K型井架及其配套底座存在应力集中以及特定工况下可靠度较低等问题,本文主要采用随机有限元方法进行了多种型号K型井架、底座的结构强度分析及可靠性评估。在广泛收集国内外大量相关文献以及现场调研的基础上,本文提出了以随机有限元方法为主,辅以区间有限元方法、扩展有限元方法作为对比和补充的分析思路。研究主要针对 JJ170/41-K、JJ250/45-K、JJ225/45-K、JJ315/45-K、JJ450/45-K 这 5 种井架类型以及5000m滑轨式底座、5000m步进式底座、7000m滑轨式底座、7000m步进式底座这4种底座类型进行。主要研究成果包括:所建立的井架、底座力学及可靠性计算模型,大量有限元计算所形成的数据库,在数据库基础上编制的K型井架及底座可靠性评估软件,应用该软件所进行的多种工况分析,修改后的井架、底座操作手册。在所取得研究成果的基础上,得出以下主要结论及认识:(1)结合分布参数估计、Monte Carlo模拟法、应力-强度分布干涉等可靠性理论,提出了采用随机有限元方法作为K型井架及底座结构强度分析和可靠性评估的基本流程及方法,能够有效的分析和评估多种型号及工况下的井架、底座可靠性。(2)仿真计算得到了大钩作业、井架起升、井架倾斜、主梁缺陷等多个工况下的井架、底座应力分布及位移分布,并对主要的应力集中部位进行了重点分析。(3)对仿真结果数据库进行统计学分析,得到了一系列随机变量的分布特征参数,计算得到了井架、底座的可靠度,并绘制了相关函数分布曲线;利用相关系数计算公式得到了所有输入参数和输出参数间的相关系数,并进行了敏感性分析。(4)开发《K型井架与底座可靠性评估软件》时采用APDL语言进行参数化建模,十分方便进行模型的修改;同时软件利用VB语言强大的数据库功能和可视化的设计平台,极大的降低了软件的使用门槛,提高了软件的可扩展性。(5)结合所开发软件,对现场所使用的井架操作手册和底座操作手册进行了修改和完善,建立了相应的评分机制,并加入了可靠性评估的相应指标项。
[Abstract]:K Derrick is one of the most widely used Derrick types. Its structural strength and reliability directly affect the safety of the whole drilling rig system. In view of the problems of stress concentration and low reliability under certain working conditions in K Derrick and its supporting base, this paper mainly adopts stochastic finite element method to carry out structural strength analysis and reliability evaluation of various types of K Derrick. On the basis of the extensive collection of domestic and foreign literature and field investigation, this paper presents a comparative and complementary analysis method based on stochastic finite element method, supplemented by interval finite element method and extended finite element method. The research is mainly aimed at the five types of Derrick, the 5000m slide rail base, the 5000m step base, the 7000m slide rail base, and the 5000m slide rail base. 7, 000 m step-type pedestal these 4 kinds of pedestal type carry on. The main research results include: the established Derrick, the base mechanics and reliability calculation model, the database formed by a large number of finite element calculations, and the K Derrick and base reliability evaluation software based on the database. The application of the software for a variety of conditions analysis, revised Derrick, base operation manual. On the basis of the research results obtained, the following main conclusions and understandings are obtained: (1) the reliability theory of stress-intensity distribution interference combined with the, Monte Carlo simulation method of distribution parameter estimation, etc. The stochastic finite element method is put forward as the basic flow and method of strength analysis and reliability evaluation of K-type Derrick and base structure, which can effectively analyze and evaluate the Derrick under various types and working conditions. (2) the stress distribution and displacement distribution of the Derrick, the Derrick lifting, the Derrick tilt, the main beam defect and so on are obtained by simulation. The main stress concentration parts are analyzed emphatically. (3) the statistical analysis of the simulation result database is carried out, and the distribution characteristic parameters of a series of random variables are obtained, and the reliability of the Derrick and base is calculated. The distribution curve of correlation function is plotted. The correlation coefficients between all input and output parameters are obtained by using the correlation coefficient calculation formula, and sensitivity analysis is carried out. (4) the parametric modeling is carried out using APDL language when developing < K type Derrick and base reliability evaluation software. It is very convenient to modify the model; At the same time, the software makes use of the powerful database function of VB language and the visual design platform, which greatly reduces the threshold of software use and improves the extensibility of software. (5) combined with the developed software, The Derrick operating manual and pedestal operating manual used in the field are modified and perfected, the corresponding scoring mechanism is established, and the corresponding index items for reliability evaluation are added.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE923

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