南海南部北康盆地生物礁的类型及油气勘探前景

发布时间：2018-12-16 23:47

【摘要】：南海南部北康盆地发育大量的生物礁,蕴藏丰富的油气资源。文章基于北康盆地高精度地震数据及钻井数据的研究表明,北康盆地的生物礁成像较好、类型齐全,有点礁、台地边缘礁、块状礁、层状礁、塔礁、环礁共6类型。其发育演化可以分为4个阶段,分别为早中新世的初始发育阶段、中中新世早期的繁盛阶段、中中新世晚期的衰退阶段和晚中新世的淹没阶段。古近纪及早中新世的断裂活动产生了大量的构造高点,为生物礁的初始发育创造了条件,而中中新世以来基底快速沉降导致的相对海平面的快速上升决定了生物礁主要发育于中中新世时期,而晚中新世以来相对海平面持续上升,致使生物礁退积到隆起顶部,从而进入淹没阶段。北康盆地的生物礁数量多、规模大,而且很少受后期成岩作用的二次改造,具备优质储层形成的前提。同时,区域烃源岩、疏导体系、盖层及生物礁的分布等油气地质条件,决定了中部隆起西部和东部隆起东部是北康盆地今后生物礁油气勘探的重点区域。
[Abstract]:A large number of reefs are developed in the Beikang Basin in the south of the South China Sea, with abundant oil and gas resources. Based on the high precision seismic data and drilling data of Beikang Basin, it is shown that the bioreefs in Beikang Basin have better imaging, complete types and a bit of reefs, and there are 6 types of reef in the platform margin, block reef, layered reef, tower reef and atoll. Its development and evolution can be divided into four stages: the initial development stage of early Miocene, the prosperous stage of early Miocene, the recession stage of late Miocene and the submergence stage of late Miocene. The early Miocene fault activity in Paleogene resulted in a large number of tectonic highs, which created conditions for the initial development of reefs. The rapid rise of the relative sea level caused by the rapid subsidence of the basement since Miocene determined that the reefs mainly developed in the Miocene period, while the relative sea level rose continuously since the late Miocene, which resulted in the reef retreating to the top of the uplift. Thus entering the stage of inundation. The reef in Beikang Basin is abundant in quantity and large in scale, and rarely remade by late diagenesis, so it has the premise of high quality reservoir formation. At the same time, the oil and gas geological conditions, such as regional source rock, dredging system, caprock and reef distribution, determine that the western part of the central uplift and the eastern part of the eastern uplift are the key areas for oil and gas exploration of the reef in Beikang Basin in the future.
【作者单位】：广州海洋地质调查局国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室中国地质调查局海洋石油天然气地质研究中心;
【基金】：国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室开放基金(KLMMR-2017-A-14) 中国地质调查局项目(DD20160155)联合资助~~
【分类号】：P618.13

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