高压水射流自动清洗钻杆系统设计及喷嘴仿真

发布时间：2019-04-25 06:54

【摘要】：石油钻井中,钻杆是整个钻探的核心工具。钻杆质量的好坏直接影响钻井的成本及井下安全,为保证钻杆的质量,需对已使用的钻杆进行探伤检测和修复。而在检测前对钻杆进行彻底清洗是保证探伤修复质量的重要前提。国内对钻杆的清洗方法主要有“煮沸法”和酸洗或喷砂。但这两种清洗方法都存在着诸多问题,如清洗不彻底,污染环境,能耗大等。为了解决这些问题,保证钻杆的清洗质量,本文对水射流清洗钻杆的机理进行了研究,并建立了相关的清洗模型,对射流的相关参数和性质做了具体的分析;结合钻杆的结构特点及结垢物的性质分析,提出了一种钻杆自动清洗的解决技术方案,即利用高压水射流全面清洗钻杆;并在此基础上完成了钻杆自动清洗系统的总体设计,自动清洗装置中主要系统(自动传输线系统、高压水射流清洗集成系统)的设计方案选择及具体的设计计算。通过GAMBIT建模,利用FLUENT软件对钻杆清洗执行部件喷嘴进行了内部流场的射流特性研究,分析了喷嘴的不同结构参数(内孔截面形状、出口直径、V槽角度等)对喷嘴内部射流速度和压力分布的影响,为喷嘴的设计提供了指导意见,最大限度地提高了钻杆自动清洗装置的清洗效率。论文结合国内外高压水射流技术的研究成果,总结了高压水射流技术及其装置的优点,并对清洗参数进行了具体的分析,为钻杆的清洗进行了理论上的研究;针对钻杆的特征,提出了高压水射流的清洗装置研制方案,完成了结构参数的设计和优化,解决了钻杆清洗存在的各种问题,确保钻杆的后续探伤检测和修复工作质量,有效的延长了钻杆使用寿命,提高了钻井的经济效益。
[Abstract]:In oil drilling, drill pipe is the core tool of the whole drilling. The quality of drill pipe directly affects the drilling cost and downhole safety. In order to ensure the quality of drill pipe, it is necessary to detect and repair the used drill pipe. The thorough cleaning of drill pipe before testing is an important prerequisite to ensure the quality of inspection and repair. The main cleaning methods of drill pipe in China are boiling method and pickling or sand blasting. However, there are many problems in these two cleaning methods, such as incomplete cleaning, environmental pollution, high energy consumption and so on. In order to solve these problems and ensure the cleaning quality of drill pipe, the mechanism of water jet cleaning of drill pipe is studied in this paper, and the related cleaning model is established, and the related parameters and properties of jet are analyzed in detail. Combined with the structural characteristics of drill pipe and the property analysis of scaling, a solution for automatic cleaning of drill pipe is put forward, that is, the use of high pressure water jet to clean drill pipe in an all-round way; On this basis, the overall design of automatic cleaning system for drill pipe is completed. The design scheme selection and concrete design calculation of the main systems (automatic transmission line system, high pressure water jet cleaning integrated system) in the automatic cleaning device are completed. Through the GAMBIT modeling, the jet characteristics of the nozzle of drill pipe cleaning and executing unit were studied by using FLUENT software, and the different structure parameters of the nozzle were analyzed, such as the shape of the inner hole section, the diameter of the outlet, the diameter of the nozzle and the flow field of the nozzle. The influence of V-groove angle on jet velocity and pressure distribution in nozzle provides guidance for nozzle design and improves the cleaning efficiency of drill pipe automatic cleaning device to the maximum extent. Based on the research results of high pressure water jet technology at home and abroad, the advantages of high pressure water jet technology and its equipment are summarized, and the cleaning parameters are analyzed in detail, which is the theoretical research of drill pipe cleaning. According to the characteristics of drill pipe, the development scheme of high pressure water jet cleaning device is put forward, the design and optimization of structural parameters are completed, all kinds of problems existing in drill pipe cleaning are solved, and the quality of follow-up inspection and repair of drill pipe is ensured. The service life of drill pipe is prolonged effectively, and the economic benefit of drilling is improved.
【学位授予单位】：长沙矿山研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE921.2

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