托县河口水塘封冻期温度的垂向分层研究及冰厚与冰温的数值模拟

发布时间：2018-02-27 05:20

本文关键词： 水塘斜温层垂向冰温垂向水温数学模型　出处：《内蒙古农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：冰盖内的温度变化在很大程度上影响着冰盖的内部结构及承载力的变化,分析垂向温度以及斜温层的变化规律,建立静水冰厚与冰温的模型,对冰上作业的测量人员的安全性具有很大意义,同时也为动水冰盖模型的建立提供参考依据。本文通过对2015-2016年冬季封冻期托克托县河口水塘静水冰的观测并采集数据,得到完整的冬季封冻期冰盖厚度、垂向冰温、垂向水温、气温等一系列的水塘冰情实测数据,通过观测了解整个封冻期的冰情现象变化过程,并研究整个封冻期河口水塘斜温层的变化过程与垂向温度的变化规律,且利用软件进行冰温与冰厚的数值模拟,得到相应的数学模型。取得以下主要成果。(1)具体描述了河口水塘在结冰期和消融期的冰盖生消现象,较为直观的了解了冰盖在整个结冰周期的变化情况及其他条件(如气象等)对冰盖在整个封冻期的影响。(2)初步分析了河口水塘在整个封冻期冰情现象变化的原因,以及冰盖变化与温度之间的联系。(3)得到整体斜温层、冰内斜温层、水中斜温层及恒温层的变化过程和变化速率,以及产生变化的原因。得到相应的斜温层与恒温层的数据。(4)对于垂向冰温与水温,通过对数据的整理分析得到整个封冻期温度的横向与纵向变化过程及规律,分析相应变化的原因和温度梯度发生不规律变化的主要影响因素,以及"冷中间层"出现的原因。(5)得到累积日均气温与冰厚增长的关系。对结冰期的数据进行拟合,得到试验点的累积日均气温与冰厚增长的线性关系式。(6)以热力学理论为基础,确定边界条件,建立了冰温与冰厚变化过程的模拟方程,得到各系数的取值。根据实测值和模拟值的对比,建立了整个封冻期冰盖厚度的增长消融以及冰内温度变化的模型,并在模拟冰厚变化和冰温变化的过程中具有较高的精度,说明此模型在本试验的原型研究中应用相对良好。此模型预计为静水冰盖生消过程及冰内温度的时空分布提供理论基础,为今后建立动水冰生消模型作为参考和提供思路。
[Abstract]:The variation of temperature in the ice sheet greatly affects the internal structure and bearing capacity of the ice sheet. The variation law of vertical temperature and oblique temperature layer is analyzed, and the model of ice thickness and ice temperature in still water is established. It is of great significance to the safety of the surveyors working on the ice, and also provides a reference for the establishment of the model of the hydrodynamic ice sheet. This paper observed and collected the ice in the estuary ponds of Toquetto County during the winter period of 2015-2016. A series of measured data of the ice regime in reservoirs, such as the thickness of the ice sheet, the vertical ice temperature, the vertical water temperature and the temperature during the winter period, are obtained, and the change process of the ice state phenomena during the whole period is understood through observation. The variation process and vertical temperature of the oblique temperature layer in the estuarine pond during the whole freezing period are studied, and the numerical simulation of the ice temperature and ice thickness is carried out by using the software. The corresponding mathematical models are obtained. The following main results are obtained. The phenomena of ice cap formation and extinction in estuarine ponds during the ice forming and ablation periods are described in detail. The changes of ice cover in the whole ice forming period and the influence of other conditions (such as meteorology) on the ice sheet during the whole period of freezing are intuitively understood, and the reasons for the change of ice situation in estuarine reservoirs during the whole period of freezing are analyzed preliminarily. And the relation between the ice sheet change and temperature.) the change process and change rate of the whole inclined temperature layer, the inner inclined temperature layer, the water inclined temperature layer and the constant temperature layer are obtained. For vertical ice temperature and water temperature, the horizontal and longitudinal variation process and law of the temperature during the whole freezing period are obtained through the analysis of the data. The relationship between the accumulated daily mean temperature and the ice thickness is obtained by analyzing the causes of the corresponding changes and the main influencing factors of the irregular change of the temperature gradient, as well as the reason of the "cold interlayer". The data of the ice forming period are fitted. Based on the thermodynamic theory, the boundary conditions are determined, and the simulation equation of the process of ice temperature and ice thickness variation is established. According to the comparison between the measured and simulated values, a model of the thickness increase and melting of the ice sheet and the variation of the temperature inside the ice during the whole period is established, and the model has a high accuracy in simulating the change of the ice thickness and the change of the ice temperature. It is concluded that this model has been applied well in the prototype study of this experiment. The model is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the formation and elimination process of the ice cap and the temporal and spatial distribution of the ice temperature in the still water, and it can be used as a reference and train of thought for the establishment of the hydrodynamic ice generation and elimination model in the future.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV697.21

【相似文献】