黄河内蒙河段凌汛期河床变化的特点及其带来的影响

发布时间：2018-03-16 12:55

本文选题：凌汛期　切入点：输沙特征　出处：《水利学报》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：黄河内蒙古河段沙质河床的变化是影响该河段凌洪灾害的因子之一。本次研究根据观测数据,统计分析了内蒙河段凌汛期的输沙特征,解释了这种特性产生的机理,并在此基础上探讨了河床变化及影响。结果表明:黄河内蒙河道凌汛期洪水具有较强的粗泥沙输移能力,这是由于低温水流具有高悬浮效率,同时冰的运动形成了特殊的水力学环境。大量粗泥沙的运动提高了开河期河床变化对洪水量级及形态的敏感程度,并使得横断面形态趋向宽浅。凌汛期过后三湖河口至头道拐河段河床明显冲刷,而巴彦高勒到三湖河口河段淤粗排细,直接导致河底抬高。因此凌汛期输沙特性带来的河床变化应在防凌减灾措施中给予充分的考虑。
[Abstract]:The variation of sandy riverbed in Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River is one of the factors affecting the flood disaster in this reach. Based on the observed data, the characteristics of sediment transport in the ice flood period of the Inner Mongolia reach are statistically analyzed in this study, and the mechanism of this characteristic is explained. On the basis of this, the variation and influence of river bed are discussed. The results show that the flood of the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia during the ice flood period has strong coarse sediment transport capacity, which is due to the high suspension efficiency of low temperature flow. At the same time, the movement of ice forms a special hydraulics environment, and the movement of a large amount of coarse sediment enhances the sensitivity of the river bed variation to the flood water level and form during the Kaihe period. After the ice flood period, the bed of the Sanhu Estuary to the Toutoudaokuanhe reach is obviously washed away, while the Bayangol Estuary to the Sanhu Estuary reach is silted and thin. Therefore, the river bed changes brought about by the characteristics of sediment transport during the ice flood period should be fully considered in the measures of ice prevention and mitigation.
【作者单位】：西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51679184) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2011CB403305) 陕西省水利科技项目(2014slkj-01)
【分类号】：TV147;TV875

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