冰期输水对引水隧洞的破坏机理研究
发布时间：2018-12-10 08:55
【摘要】：我国西部寒冷干旱地区,气候条件独特,随着外界气温的变化,水流中的冰情可以根据冰的形成与消融过程分为:结冰期、封冻期和解冻期3个阶段。输水工程在冬季输水时,冰在各个阶段对输水建筑物会造成不同程度的迫害。我国为了缓解西部的缺水的问题,先后建设了引大入秦工程、引洮工程等。然而如此庞大的投资建设,在运营期因遭受寒旱气候的影响,形成了诸如引水隧洞冻融破坏、引水隧洞地质缺陷渗漏、引水渠道干裂渗漏、设备故障等一系列问题,对结构安全性与供水效率产生严重影响,导致工程的使用年限不长,达不到工程规划建设的预期目标,产生社会矛盾。因此基于寒旱地区冬季输水对引水隧洞的破坏机理研究具有重要的意义。本文针对寒旱地区冰害对引水隧洞的破坏为研究对象,在国内外研究基础上,通过理论研究、室内试验研究及数值模拟方法开展研究。重点研究了冰排与引水隧洞相互作用下的碰撞模拟问题,利用接触-碰撞算法的有限元中对称罚函数算法,进行了冰排撞击引水隧洞的接触-碰撞算法的理论研究。以引大入秦输水枢纽的引水隧洞(盘道岭隧洞)为实例,分析了隧洞的破坏机理。应用ANSYS软件建立隧洞模型和冰排模型,二者皆采用3D Solid164实体单元模拟,材料定义为线弹性材料,单元划分采用映射网格划分;采用单面自动接触;定义了边界条件;然后选用LS-DYNA SOLVER求解器进行求解;采用LS-PREPOST软件进行后处理,发现了不同冰排流速、不同冰排平面尺寸、不同冰排厚度等不同工况下冰排对引水隧洞撞击力及其产生的变形的影响。具体工作如下:(1)分析了冰排流速对隧洞衬砌撞击力及衬砌变形的影响规律,发现其变化基本呈线性关系,并分别确定了简单碰撞状态下的计算公式;(2)分析了冰排平面尺寸对隧洞衬砌撞击力及衬砌变形的影响规律,发现其变化关系均为非线性关系;(3)分析了冰排厚度对隧洞衬砌撞击力及衬砌变形的影响规律,发现其变化基本呈线性关系,并分别确定了简单碰撞状态下的计算公式。接着通过室内试验,建立冰排撞击隧洞衬砌试验单边坡实验装置,进行试验研究;模拟了隧洞中流冰碰撞隧洞衬砌的全演变过程,分析了冰排流速、冰排平面尺寸、冰排厚度等不同工况下冰排对隧洞的撞击力规律,通过试验模型验证了与数值模拟的基本吻合性。说明了数值模拟是方便可行的。本文的研究将对寒旱地区引水隧洞设计、施工及运营维护提供科学依据和技术支撑,丰富冰水力学基础科学研究内涵。
[Abstract]:In the cold and arid regions of western China, the climatic conditions are unique. With the change of outside air temperature, the ice condition in the water flow can be divided into three stages according to the ice formation and melting process: ice forming period, freezing period and thawing period. When water conveyance works in winter, ice will persecute the water conveyance structures in different stages. In order to alleviate the problem of water shortage in the west, China has constructed the diversion project into Qin Dynasty, Tao Project and so on. However, such a huge investment and construction, due to the impact of cold and drought climate during the operation period, has resulted in a series of problems such as freezing and thawing damage of the diversion tunnel, leakage of geological defects in the diversion tunnel, dry crack leakage of the diversion channel, equipment failure, and so on. It has a serious influence on the safety of structure and the efficiency of water supply, which leads to the short service life of the project, which can not reach the expected goal of the project planning and construction, and lead to social contradiction. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the failure mechanism of diversion tunnel based on winter water conveyance in cold and dry areas. In this paper, the damage of diversion tunnel caused by ice damage in cold and dry areas is studied. On the basis of domestic and foreign research, the research is carried out through theoretical research, laboratory test and numerical simulation method. The problem of collision simulation under the interaction of ice discharge and diversion tunnel is studied emphatically. The contact collision algorithm of ice row impingement diversion tunnel is studied theoretically by using the symmetric penalty function algorithm in the finite element method of contact-collision algorithm. Taking the diversion tunnel (Pandaoling tunnel) as an example, the failure mechanism of the tunnel is analyzed. The tunnel model and ice row model are established by using ANSYS software. Both of them are simulated by 3D Solid164 solid element, the material is defined as linear elastic material, the element is divided by mapping mesh, the single surface is automatically contacted, and the boundary conditions are defined. Then the LS-DYNA SOLVER solver is used to solve the problem. The effects of ice discharge on the impact force and deformation of diversion tunnel under different working conditions, such as different ice discharge velocity, different ice row plane size and different ice row thickness, were found by LS-PREPOST software. The main works are as follows: (1) the influence of ice discharge velocity on the impact force and lining deformation of tunnel lining is analyzed. (2) the influence of ice row plane size on the impact force and lining deformation of tunnel lining is analyzed. (3) the influence of ice row thickness on the impact force and lining deformation of tunnel lining is analyzed. It is found that the change of ice row thickness is linear, and the calculation formulas under simple impact state are determined respectively. Then through the indoor test, the single slope experimental device of ice row impingement tunnel lining test is established, and the experimental research is carried out. The evolution process of drift ice collision tunnel lining in tunnel is simulated, and the impact force of ice row on tunnel under different working conditions, such as ice discharge velocity, ice row plane size, ice row thickness and so on, is analyzed. The basic agreement with the numerical simulation is verified by the experimental model. The numerical simulation is convenient and feasible. The research in this paper will provide scientific basis and technical support for the design, construction and operation and maintenance of diversion tunnels in cold and dry areas, and enrich the connotation of basic scientific research on ice hydraulics.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV672;TV698.26
本文编号：2370315
[Abstract]:In the cold and arid regions of western China, the climatic conditions are unique. With the change of outside air temperature, the ice condition in the water flow can be divided into three stages according to the ice formation and melting process: ice forming period, freezing period and thawing period. When water conveyance works in winter, ice will persecute the water conveyance structures in different stages. In order to alleviate the problem of water shortage in the west, China has constructed the diversion project into Qin Dynasty, Tao Project and so on. However, such a huge investment and construction, due to the impact of cold and drought climate during the operation period, has resulted in a series of problems such as freezing and thawing damage of the diversion tunnel, leakage of geological defects in the diversion tunnel, dry crack leakage of the diversion channel, equipment failure, and so on. It has a serious influence on the safety of structure and the efficiency of water supply, which leads to the short service life of the project, which can not reach the expected goal of the project planning and construction, and lead to social contradiction. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the failure mechanism of diversion tunnel based on winter water conveyance in cold and dry areas. In this paper, the damage of diversion tunnel caused by ice damage in cold and dry areas is studied. On the basis of domestic and foreign research, the research is carried out through theoretical research, laboratory test and numerical simulation method. The problem of collision simulation under the interaction of ice discharge and diversion tunnel is studied emphatically. The contact collision algorithm of ice row impingement diversion tunnel is studied theoretically by using the symmetric penalty function algorithm in the finite element method of contact-collision algorithm. Taking the diversion tunnel (Pandaoling tunnel) as an example, the failure mechanism of the tunnel is analyzed. The tunnel model and ice row model are established by using ANSYS software. Both of them are simulated by 3D Solid164 solid element, the material is defined as linear elastic material, the element is divided by mapping mesh, the single surface is automatically contacted, and the boundary conditions are defined. Then the LS-DYNA SOLVER solver is used to solve the problem. The effects of ice discharge on the impact force and deformation of diversion tunnel under different working conditions, such as different ice discharge velocity, different ice row plane size and different ice row thickness, were found by LS-PREPOST software. The main works are as follows: (1) the influence of ice discharge velocity on the impact force and lining deformation of tunnel lining is analyzed. (2) the influence of ice row plane size on the impact force and lining deformation of tunnel lining is analyzed. (3) the influence of ice row thickness on the impact force and lining deformation of tunnel lining is analyzed. It is found that the change of ice row thickness is linear, and the calculation formulas under simple impact state are determined respectively. Then through the indoor test, the single slope experimental device of ice row impingement tunnel lining test is established, and the experimental research is carried out. The evolution process of drift ice collision tunnel lining in tunnel is simulated, and the impact force of ice row on tunnel under different working conditions, such as ice discharge velocity, ice row plane size, ice row thickness and so on, is analyzed. The basic agreement with the numerical simulation is verified by the experimental model. The numerical simulation is convenient and feasible. The research in this paper will provide scientific basis and technical support for the design, construction and operation and maintenance of diversion tunnels in cold and dry areas, and enrich the connotation of basic scientific research on ice hydraulics.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV672;TV698.26
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