运动恢复与蛋白质及氨基酸营养
发布时间：2018-12-17 14:14
【摘要】：目的:在当今运动员膳食供应中,存在对高蛋白饮食认识上的分歧,明确蛋白质营养对于运动的意义。资料来源:应用计算机检索Pubmed数据库和搜索引擎检索1988-01/2003-12期间氨基酸与运动关系方面的文献,检索词为“Protein,AminoAcid,Exercise”,限定文章语言种类为英文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选择氨基酸与运动关系方面的研究。资料提炼:共收集相关文献47篇,剔除重复文献,按上述标准纳入22篇,研究性论文中对比、盲法、随机法不限制。资料综合:本文参阅近年来的国外有关研究文献,对近年来被实际运用的一些运动后营养补充策略进行了评价。对于耐力或力量训练的运动员,日均最大蛋白质需求是1.2～1.7g/kg体质量。只要遵循营养原则,其他的热能营养素供应充足,膳食蛋白质就能满足这一蛋白质需求。氨基酸是机体热能的次要来源,通常氨基酸提供的热能只占摄入热能总量的5%。如果在运动恢复的前2～5h内间隔15～30min给予1.2g/kg体质量的碳水化合物,那么补充蛋白质并不能刺激肌糖元合成速度的增加。如果在恢复过程的早期缺少食物或者摄入糖类过少,那么摄入蛋白质或特定氨基酸可以加速肌糖元合成。在高强度运动恢复期前几个小时摄入必须的氨基酸当量为0.1g/kg体质量的饮料,在肌肉组织会产生短暂的正氮平衡。结论:无论是对于急性运动还是长期运动,在运动恢复过程中对于营养补充的时间、蛋白质或氨基酸构成模式仍没有形成定论。仍有两个领域受到广泛关注:一是长时间运动后肌糖元的再合成问题;二是大强度运动后肌肉蛋白更新。
[Abstract]:Objective: to clarify the significance of protein nutrition to exercise. Data sources: Pubmed database and search engine were used to search the literature on the relationship between amino acid and exercise in the period 1988-01 / 2003-12. The key word was "Protein,AminoAcid,Exercise" and the language of the article was limited to English. Data selection: the relationship between amino acids and exercise was studied. Data extraction: a total of 47 articles were collected and 22 articles were included according to the above criteria. Blind and random methods were not limited. Data synthesis: in this paper, some post-exercise nutrition supplement strategies which have been used in practice in recent years are evaluated by referring to the relevant foreign research literatures in recent years. For endurance or strength training athletes, the maximum daily protein demand is 1.2~1.7g/kg body mass. As long as nutritional principles are followed, other thermal nutrients are sufficient, and dietary protein can meet this protein requirement. Amino acids are a secondary source of heat energy, usually accounting for only 5 percent of total energy intake. If 15~30min was given carbohydrates of 1.2g/kg body mass at the interval of 5 hours before exercise recovery, protein supplementation could not stimulate the increase of muscle glycogen synthesis rate. If there is a lack of food or too little sugar in the early stages of recovery, protein or specific amino acids can accelerate muscle glycogen synthesis. The intake of drinks with essential amino acid equivalent of 0.1g/kg body mass a few hours before the recovery period of high intensity exercise produces a transient positive nitrogen balance in muscle tissue. Conclusion: whether for acute exercise or long-term exercise, the pattern of protein and amino acid composition has not been concluded in the course of exercise recovery. There are still two areas of attention: one is the resynthesis of muscle glycogen after prolonged exercise, the other is the renewal of muscle protein after intensive exercise.
【作者单位】： 无锡商业职业技术学院
【分类号】：R87
本文编号：2384301
[Abstract]:Objective: to clarify the significance of protein nutrition to exercise. Data sources: Pubmed database and search engine were used to search the literature on the relationship between amino acid and exercise in the period 1988-01 / 2003-12. The key word was "Protein,AminoAcid,Exercise" and the language of the article was limited to English. Data selection: the relationship between amino acids and exercise was studied. Data extraction: a total of 47 articles were collected and 22 articles were included according to the above criteria. Blind and random methods were not limited. Data synthesis: in this paper, some post-exercise nutrition supplement strategies which have been used in practice in recent years are evaluated by referring to the relevant foreign research literatures in recent years. For endurance or strength training athletes, the maximum daily protein demand is 1.2~1.7g/kg body mass. As long as nutritional principles are followed, other thermal nutrients are sufficient, and dietary protein can meet this protein requirement. Amino acids are a secondary source of heat energy, usually accounting for only 5 percent of total energy intake. If 15~30min was given carbohydrates of 1.2g/kg body mass at the interval of 5 hours before exercise recovery, protein supplementation could not stimulate the increase of muscle glycogen synthesis rate. If there is a lack of food or too little sugar in the early stages of recovery, protein or specific amino acids can accelerate muscle glycogen synthesis. The intake of drinks with essential amino acid equivalent of 0.1g/kg body mass a few hours before the recovery period of high intensity exercise produces a transient positive nitrogen balance in muscle tissue. Conclusion: whether for acute exercise or long-term exercise, the pattern of protein and amino acid composition has not been concluded in the course of exercise recovery. There are still two areas of attention: one is the resynthesis of muscle glycogen after prolonged exercise, the other is the renewal of muscle protein after intensive exercise.
【作者单位】： 无锡商业职业技术学院
【分类号】：R87
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